Contents
Introduction xvii
Chapter 1. Linguistic Resources for NLP 1
1.1. The concept of a corpus 1
1.2. Corpus taxonomy 4
1.3. Who collects and distributes corpora? 8
1.4. The lifecycle of a corpus 10
1.5. Examples of existing corpora 23
Chapter 2. The Sphere of Speech 25
2.1. Linguistic studies of speech 25
2.2. Speech processing 61
Chapter 3. Morphology Sphere 89
3.1. Elements of morphology 89
3.2. Automatic morphological analysis 100
Chapter 4. Syntax Sphere 127
4.1. Basic syntactic concepts 127
4.2. Elements of formal syntax 145
4.3. Syntactic formalisms 171
4.4. Automatic parsing 201
Bibliography 245
Index 275
19 Learner differences (2): teaching heterogeneous (mixed) classes 272
20 Teacher development 284
Glossary 298
Bibliography 301
Index 309