《环球时代美文读本》（Global Times Readers）系列丛书旨在为广大英语中高阶学习者提供一套提高语言质量、增强人文修养、拓展学习视野的优质辅助读本。内容涉及文学、文化、哲学、社会、生活等各个方面，编者从众多经典作品和报刊时文中遴选出难度适本宜、有针对性的文章，在帮助读者领会英美语言文化魅力的同时，客观上对学生通过普通英语四六级、英语专业四八级、考研英语和英语专业考研有所裨益。
本丛书共分为六大主题，《记录人类文明的那些美文》主要节选自西方历史文献。所选片段皆是影响、甚至改变了人类历史进程的英文文字，对人类社会的发展和进步起到了一定程度的积极促进作用。文章的主题内容涉及英美等国社会发展过程中出现过的各大历史事件和社会问题，有助于加深读者对西方文化渊源和思维模式的理解。在帮助读者了解英美国家历史文化常识的同时，也帮助其抛光打磨英语语言技能，增强语感，提高地道表达的准确性。
01． Civilization History
02． Clone Wars
03． The Living Seas
04． The Problems of Oil， of Debt and Disarray
05． Geological Science： Earth’s Crust—Aluminum
06． Animal Physiology and Psychology： The Adrenaline of Animals
07． Geology： Ice Age
08． Sociobiology
09． El Nino
10． Meteorology
11． Magnetic Tempests
12． Geothermal Resources
13． Electrical Properties of Crystals
14． Analysis of Prehistoric Air
15． Hypothesis on Biological Clocks of Migrants
16． Reductions in Noxious Pollutants of Motor Vehicles
17． Spiral Galaxy
18． Lead Isotope in Bronze Ware
19． Heat Pumps
20． Infestations of Gypsy Moth Caterpillars
21． Sunspots
22． Collision Hypothesis of the Moon
23． Molecular Biology
24． Vacuum State Study by Particle Physics
25． Ocean Acoustic Tomography
26． Climatology： Analysis of Data from the Vostok Core
27． Low-Density Lipoproteins
28． Synthesize of the Chemical Constituents of Life under “Primitive Earth Conditions”
29． Stratospheric Ozone Layer
30． Hot Spots and Plates Movement
31． Vigilance of Animals
32． Anaerobic Glycolysis
33． Physiological Controls under Body Fever
34． Evolution of Asymmetry of the Claws of American Lobster
35． “Self-sterilizing”of the Skin against Pathogens
36． Evolution of Pinnipeds
37． Organ Transplantation
38． Adrenal Gland
39． Nervous System
40． Hydrogeology and Geohydrology
41． Space Singularity
42． Analyzing the Physics of Dance
43． Three Levels on the Quantum Ladder
44． Interstellar Material
45． Population Density
46． Brain Science and Psychology
47． Earth’s Atmosphere and Climatic Conditions
48． Ecology
49． Living Organisms and Environment
50． Rhythmic Patterns of Organism’s Behavior
51． Visual Recognition
52． Study on Meteorites by S． A． Phinney
53． Nonenzymatic Glycosylation
54． Modern Animal Husbandry
55． Genetic Engineering Applied to Nitrogen Genes
56． Toxic Properties of Fluoride
57． Biomaterials
58． Glassy Metals
59． Quantum Mechanics
60． The Evolution of Sex Ratio
內容試閱：
Civilization History
文明与历史
C. E. M. Joad
乔德
导读
本篇作者乔德（C. E. M. Joad, 1891—1953），英国哲学家、作家和广播界名人。作为20 世纪40 年代英国最饱受争议的知识分子，乔德既是一个和平主义者，又是一位不可知论者。乔德在1936 年西班牙内战时，作为反法西斯联盟“人民阵线”的支持者，积极帮助战乱中无家可归的妇女和儿童。1941 年乔德加入BBC 广播公司，成为《专家小组》栏目的成员。他以幽默机智的话语一夜成名，其名言“这要看你怎么说”成为英国人的流行用语。1953 年乔德病逝于伦敦。在本文中，乔德提出了一个发人深省的问题：“为何世界文明史上最显赫的人物往往是征服者和杀戮者？”细数一下西方文明史，无数的战争和征服，美其名曰是要传播文明，启蒙世界未开化的角落，但其破坏力却是惊人的。唐代大诗人杜甫曾经写道：“杀人亦有限，列国自有疆。苟能制侵陵，岂在多杀伤。”（《前出塞》），但是国际政治的法则始终是“强权即公理”，至少历史上皆是如此。人类的发展之路还很漫长，如何避免过去的历史重演，也成了我们现代人要反思的一个问题。
Most of the people who appear most often and most gloriously in the history books are great conquerors and generals and soldiers, whereas the people who really helped civilization forward are often never mentioned at all. We do not know who first set a broken leg, or launched a seaworthy boat, or calculated the length of the year, or manured a field; but we know all about the killers and destroyers. People think a great deal of them, so much so that on all the highest pillars in the great cities of the world you will find the figure of a conqueror or a general or a soldier. And I think most people believe that the greatest countries are those that have beaten in battle the greatest number of other countries and ruled over them as conquerors. It is just possible they are, but they are not the most civilized. Animals fight; so do savages; hence to be good at fighting is to be good in the way in which an animal or a savage is good, but it is not to be civilized. Even being good at getting other people to fight for you and telling them how to do it most efficiently— this, after all, is what conquerors and generals have done—is not being civilized. People fight to settle quarrels. Fighting means killing, and civilized peoples ought to be able to find some way of settling their disputes other than by seeing which side can kill off the greater number of the other side, and then saying that the side which has killed most has won. And not only has won, but, because it has won, has been in the right. For that is what going to war means; it means saying that might is right.
在历史书上出现得最为经常和最为显耀的人，大多是一些伟大的征服者、将军和军人，而真正推动文明前进的人，却往往名不见经传。我们不知道是谁最早接上折断的腿骨，是谁最先造出适于航海的船只，是谁最早计算出一年的长度，又是谁最先给田地施肥；但是我们对那些杀人者和破坏者却知之甚详。人们对他们敬重有加，在世界上一些大城市里所有最高的柱石上，你都会发现一位征服者，或一位将军，或一位军人的雕像。我想，大多数人都会认为，最伟大的国家是那些在战斗中打败其他国家最多、并作为征服者统治这些国家的国家。他们很可能是伟大的，然而他们并不是最文明的。动物搏斗，野蛮人也搏斗，因而善于搏斗仅是动物或野蛮人择优的标准，而绝非文明的表现。即使善于驱使别人为自己打仗，并且告诉他们怎样打才最有效——这毕竟是征服者和将军们干过的事——也称不上是文明的作为。人们为解决争执而打仗。打仗意味着残杀，文明的民族应当能够找到某种解决争端的办法，而不是看哪一方能消灭另一方更多的人，而后说杀人最多的一方获胜。战胜者不仅胜了，而且还因为胜利带来了“公义”。这就是战争的法则，它意味着强权就是公理。
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