《Dynamic simulation of the substance migration behavior in flowback fluid from low-permeability formation》（《动态模拟低渗地层返排水中物质迁移转化机制》）共四章，该书主要内容包括对页岩气开采返排液中污染物在地层中迁移机理的探究和动力学模型的建立。针对返排液中挥发性有机污染物迁移部分，主要明确挥发性有机物迁移扩散、渗流过程中的相关机理，建立了动力学方程，并且根据真实数据及环境特性对模型进一步完善。针对无机物质，本书对无机离子在地层中的形态、迁移行为和影响因素进行分析，建立数学预测模型，详细分析了储层中各种物质的迁移行为，为接下来减少页岩气开采造成的环境问题打下良好的基础。本书可供从事石油天然气开发、油气田采出水处理及油气田环境保护技术开发及相关学科的研究人员和技术人员阅读，也可供高等院校相关专业师生参考或作为教学参考书。
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Shale gas 1
1.2 Hydraulic fracturing 2
1.3 Impact the surrounding environment 7
1.3.1 Water Contamination Pathways 11
1.3.2 Wastewater Chemical Composition 13
CHAPTER 2 MATHMATIC MODELS 16
2.1 Dynamic Transport Model 16
2.1.1 Convection Advective f lux 17
2.1.2 Dispersive f lux 17
2.1.3 Diffusive f lux 18
2.1.4 Hydrodynamic Dispersion 19
2.1.5 Sorption/Retention 19
2.2 Contaminant transport model in vadose area 20
2.2.1 Vertical Transport Model 20
2.2.2 Concentration Predictive Model 21
2.2.3 Cumulative Mass Predictive Model 23
2.3 Monte-Carlo Method 24
CHAPTER 3 MODEL APPLICATION 25
3.1 Predicting Organic Compounds Concentration in flowback Water 25
3.1.1 Marcellus region introduce 25
3.1.2 Hydraulic Fracturing Model 28
3.1.3 Results Discussion 45
3.1.4 Conclusions 47
3.2 Determining VOCs Concentrations in Flowback and Produced Waters Storage Tanks/Pits 48
3.2.1 Temporal evolution of Flowback water volumes 49
3.2.2 Temporal evolution of concentrations of VOCs in storage tanks 52
3.2.3 Conclusions 56
3.3 Analysis of Vertical Transportation Mechanism of VOCs from Horizontal Hydraulic Fracturing Wastewater 56
3.3.1 Vadose zone transportation model 58
3.3.2 Cumulative Mass Percentage Estimation 61
3.3.3 Predicted Value of Total Concentration in Vadose Zone 65
3.3.4 Conclusions 70
CHAPTER 4 SUBSTANCE MIGRATION BEHAVIOR FROM FLOWBACK WATER IN SHALE FORMATION 72
4.1 A review of prediction methods for oilfield produced water scaling 72
4.1.1 Experimental 73
4.1.2 The harm of scaling 74
4.1.3 Scaling prediction of oilfield produced water 74
4.1.4 Conclusions 77
4.2 Co-Deposition Mechanisms of Calcium Sulfate and Calcium Carbonate Scale in Produced Water 77
4.2.1 Background 78
4.2.2 Methods and Materials 80
4.2.3 Results and Discussion 82
4.2.4 Conclusions 91
4.3 Effects of Influencing Factors on a Lab-Scale Device for Dynamic Scaling Mitigation 91
4.3.1 Experiments 92
4.3.2 Results and Discussion 94
4.3.3 Conclusions 100
4.4 Mixed scaling control technology of produced water in different layers of the Dingbian oil production plant 101
4.4.1 Materials and Methods 102
4.4.2 Results and discussion 103
4.4.3 Conclusions 107
4.5 Kinetic analysis applied to ferrous ions with hydrogen peroxide in acidified hydraulic fracturing reflux fluid model containing representative organic additives 108
4.5.1 Materials and methods 110
4.5.2 Results and discussion 113
4.5.3 Conclusions 126
4.6 Re-injection feasibility study of fracturing flow-back fluid in shale gas mining 126
4.6.1 Experimental 127
4.6.2 Results and discussion 128
4.6.3 Conclusions 131
References 132
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