Chapter 1 Introduction to the Human Body
1.1 Information Box/ / 2
1.2 Medical Terminology of the Body: Directional/2
1.2.1 Medical Terminology of the Body: Anterior (Front) View/ 4
1.2.2 Medical Terminology of the Body: Posterior (Back) View/ / 6
1.3 Grammar Tip: Collocations/ / 7
1.4 Cross-Cultural Awareness/7
1.5 Case Study/ 7
Chapter 2 Medical History Taking
2.1 Information Box/ 10
2.2 Summary of Medical Terminology Versus Everyday Term in Recording MedicalHistory/ 11
2.3 Introducing Yourself: Social Introduction Versus Professional Introduction/ / 12
2.3.1 Greeting in a Social Environment/ / 13
2.3.2 Greeting in a Professional Environment/ 13
2.4 Starting the Patient Interview: Asking Questions Used During a Patient Interview/ 14
2.4.1 Types of Questions Which are Used During a Patient Interview/ / 14
2.4.2 Asking for Patient Details/ 15
2.4.3 Asking a Patient to Repeat Information Review These Phrases/ / 16
2.4.4 Asking a Patient Why They Have Come to Hospital Review These Phrases/ 16
2.4.5 Patient Centered Interview Versus Doctor Centered Interview/ 16
2.4.6 Explaining Medical Terminology to Patients/ 17
2.5 Grammar Tip: Prepositions/ / 17
2.6 Cross-Cultural Awareness/ 18
2.7 Case Study: Doctor and Patient Dialogue / 19
3 Examining the Patient (Physical Examination)
3.1 Information Box/ 24
3.2 Medical Terminology Related to the Nervous System/ / 25
3.3 General Physical Examination/ 27
3.4 Neurological Examination/ 28
3.4.1 Mental Status/ 28
3.4.2 Meningeal Irritation/ / 29
3.4.3 Check neck stiffness, Kernig’s sign, and Brudzinski’s sign/ / 29
3.4.4 Cranial Nerves (CN)/ 29
3.4.5 Motor Examination/ 30
3.4.6 Sensory Examination/ 30
3.4.7 Reflexes/ / 30
3.4.8 Coordination and Gait/ / 31
3.5 Special Signs and Other Tests/ 31
3.5.1 Primitive Reflexes/ 31
3.5.2 Superficial Reflexes/ / 32
3.5.3 Test for Meningeal Irritation/ 32
3.5.4 Miscellaneous Tests/ 33
3.5.5 Grading Systems to Predict the Rate of Mortality in Cerebrovascular Diseases/ 34
3.6 Grammar Tip: Articles/ / 36
3.7 Cross-Cultural Awareness/ 37
3.8 Case Study: Case Presentation and Summary/ 37
Chapter 4 Writing Medical Records
4.1 Information Box/ 43
4.2 Grammar Tip: the Article “the”/ 43
4.3 Cross-Cultural Awareness/ 44
4.4 Case Study: Case Presentation/ / 44
Clinical Presentation/ 44
4.4.2 Case Summary and Synthesis/ 45
4.4.3 Neurosurgical Cases/ 45
Chapter 5 Special Medical Documentations
5.1 Information Box/ 56
5.2 Grammar Tip: Singular and Plural/ / 56
5.3 Culture Awareness/ 57
5.4 Consultation Request Note/ / 57
5.5 Informed Consent/ 58
5.6 Operative Notes/Operative Report/ 59
5.6.1 Pre-Operative and Post-Operative Note/ / 60
5.6.2 Neurosurgery Informed Consent Form/ 61
5.6.3 Surgical Risks Assessment Form/ / 63
5.6.4 Surgical Safety Check List/ / 66
5.6.5 Blood Transfusion Request Form/ / 67
5.6.6 Pathology Request Form/ 68
5.7 Prescriptions Form and Doctor’s Order/ / 69
5.8 Progress Notes/ / 70
5.9 Referral Form/ 71
5.10 Discharge Note/Discharge Summary/ / 72
5.11 Medical Report/ 73
5.12 Death Certificate, Morbidity and Mortality Review/ 74
Chapter 6 Writing Case Report
6.1 Information Box/ 76
6.2 Grammar Tip: Subject Verb Agreement/ / 76
6.3 Cross-Cultural Awareness/ 77
Principles of Writing Medical Case Report/ 77
6.5 Preparation of Manuscript Sections for Case Reports/ 79
6.6 Preparing Illustrations and Figures/ 84
6.6.1 Figure / 84
6.6.2 Illustration/ / 84
6.6.3 Legend/ / 84
6.7 Preparing Tables/ / 85
6.8 Preparing Additional Files / / 85
6.8.1 Style and Language/ 86
6.8.2 Language Editing/ 86
6.8.3 Abbreviation/ / 86
6.8.4 Case Overview/ / 86
6.9 Submission Process/ 86
內容試閱:
Today, China is in a more open era. Not only can we travel, butincreasingly, more overseas people are coming to China to accessour medical services. Accurate communication with overseaspatients in English must be a basic requirement for all medicalpractitioners with a moral intent to providing a quality service.
Due to the specificity of medicine and doctor training, ourcountry is currently implementing standardized trainingfor residents and specialists. Despite the prescribed andgeneral English training, specialized medical English learningmaterials are absent from bridging general medical Englishand specialized medical English resources. Each ‘specialty’demands its vocabulary and context, so Chinese medicalspecialists should become comfortable conversing with foreignpatients in English using relevant terms and vocabulary whilebeing sensitive to foreign culture.
This book is designed specifically for neurosurgical residentsand specialists, providing vocabulary, phrases, bodylanguage and cross-cultural awareness in textbook form andsimulated doctor-patient interactions. The book’s contentattends to specialist and general medical English, associated clinical cases, English explanations of medical equipment,and physical examinations protocols in English (includingpronunciation), essential grammar tips, surgery explanations,medical documentation and scholarly communication. This book also pays attention to the cultural differences between Chinese and English expressions in medical treatment. We havedesigned this book to be conveniently used as a reference pocketbook for doctors of all levels.
As my mother tongue is Chinese, and English is my secondlanguage, I relied on several people to help compile andcomplete this English language medical handbook. Dr.Augustine K. Ballah grasped my vision for the Book, and as aresult of his painstaking work has made this medical handbooka reality. Without his commitment, the book would not have resulted.
Thanks to Mr. Peter Guy, my old friend and my English tutor, forhis careful revision of the original manuscript and Dr. Alvin NahDoe from thousands of miles away for his specific revision andadvice on the book’s practical and accurate clinical aspects.
Thanks Professor Ling Feng for setting the direction required forpublication and using the book in practical terms. Of course,I also want to thank my young students, whose desire was thedriving force for me to utilize my spare time to write this book.I want to thank my colleagues in my hospital and departmentfor their trust and help, which made it possible for me to do thiswork well.
Thanks to my family for supporting and understanding theneed to sacrifice family time to write this book. Of course, Iwould also like to thank my readers in advance for uncoveringinformation gaps and proposing amendments to develop thehandbook into a pocketbook further that all doctors will cherish.
Wang Xiangyu, MD, MS, Ph. D.