This work, aiming at the difficulties of high road traffic accidents, is intended to break through the limitations of previous accident prevention and realize two breakthroughs of traffic accident prevention, the breakthrough from group prevention to individual prevention and the breakthrough from post-accident prevention to pre-accident prevention. This work also proposes the concept and theoretical framework of active prevention of traffic accident and four corresponding prevention systems by integrating with the clustering ecological attributes of traffic participants’ traffic behaviors, i.e.： preschool pupils’ cognitive system for traffic safety, primary and secondary school pupils’ interaction system for traffic safety education, on-line training and behavior modification system of safe driving, dangerous driving experience system. This book contains full, accurate and theoretical contents and could provide new strategy and thinking for prevention and control of road traffic accident.
目錄：
Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction 1
Section 1 Overview of traffic accident prevention 2
Section 2 Development and problems of traffic accident prevention 7
Section 3 Concepts and connotations of active prevention of traffic accident 12
Chapter 2 Ecological system and theoretical model of traffic accident’s active prevention 18
Section 1 Ecological system of traffic accident’s active prevention 18
Section 2 Theoretical model for ecological system of traffic accident’s active prevention 23
Section 3 Example analysis of the model 33
Chapter 3 Traffic safety cognition improvement system 38
Section 1 Traffic safety cognition and active prevention of traffic accident 38
Section 2 Traffic safety cognition system and its related attributes 56
Section 3 Structured model of traffic safety cognition system 59
Chapter 4 Traffic safety education interaction system 64
Section 1 Traffic safety education interaction system and active prevention of traffic accident 64
Section 2 Related attributes of traffic safety educational interaction system 81
Section 3 Structured model of traffic safety education interaction system 86
Chapter 5 Safe driving on-line training and behavior correction system 90
Section 1 Safe driving on-line training and behavior correction system & traffic accident’s active prevention 90
Section 2 Parameter setting of safe driving on-line training and behavior correction system 104
Section 3 Structured model of safe driving on-line training and behavior correction system 113
Chapter 6 Dangerous driving experience system 118
Section 1 Dangerous driving experience and traffic accident’s active prevention 119
Section 2 Association attributes of dangerous driving experience system 131
Section 3 Structured model of dangerous driving experience system 134
Chapter 7 Future outlook of active prevention of traffic accident 140
Section 1 Key technical breakthrough of active prevention of traffic accident 140
Section 2 Generalized extension of active prevention of traffic accident 153免费在线读Chapter 1 Introduction
The road traffic accidents refer to incidents of personal injury and death life， and property damage caused by mistake or accidents while driving the vehicle on road， especially the accident caused by vehicles in road transportation and urban traffic.It is commonly known as “traffic accident” the same as below.The attribute of the traffic accident clearly indicates that it is caused by the fault or bad behavior of driver the perpetrator responsible and there must be consequences of the damage.In order to avoid accident injury and reduce accident loss， people take as much as possible a series of measures， from the perspective of personal health and economy， to prevent accidents.This forms the prevention of traffic accident.
The traffic accident epidemiology， based from the model of disease prevention， divides the traffic accident prevention into three levels of prevention.The primary prevention of accident focuses on taking certain measures to eliminate the causes of accidents， such as people， vehicles， roads environment; this is also known as the root-cause prevention of accident.It mainly involves the top-level design， including state laws， national regulations and policies to regulate and control the safe practice or status of people， vehicle and roads at the source and implementation of laws and regulations to eliminate the unsafe factors at the source of accident to prevent accidents.These include carrying traffic safety education， strict driver training and evaluation system， establishing and improving legal and regulation system， optimizing road design， improving road conditions， increasing investment in traffic safety research and improving vehicle safety technology.The secondary prevention of accident focuses on preventing the accident factors from developing into accidents and eradicates the direct factors leading to traffic accident， for example， strengthening safety management and supervision， including increasing penalties for violations of traffic law and regulations， differentiating the management and punishment for passenger drivers and freight drivers， improving annual vehicle inspection system， safeguarding vehicle safety on the road and improving road maintenance and keeping roads in good condition.The tertiary prevention of accident is to take remedial measures for the accident occurred to prevent its subsequent spread or reoccurrence.For example， preventing the accident from reoccurring motivated by learning a lesson from the accident， establishing emergency rescue system for road traffic accidents， punishing and educating the drivers who caused the accident， and converting the consequences of accidents into driving force for prevention.
These early on-site rescue measures of traffic accidents and road surface interventions play a vital role in reducing the death rate of traffic accident， and many advanced methods and technologies of traffic accident treatment have emerged.However， it is difficult to reduce the consequences of damage from traffic accidents to a maximum degree by relying solely on post-accident clinical rescue and on-site treatment measures and it is even more difficult to achieve the ultimate goal of “zero death” of traffic accidents.To radically reduce the mortality and damage of traffic accidents， there is a need to put the focus on preventing traffic accidents at the source， so that the safety of traffic participants’ life can be truly protected and all the mankind can benefit.
Section 1 Overview of traffic accident prevention
Analogous to a disease， a traffic accident has its source causes， mechanisms of occurrence and consequences.A traffic accident has its inherent inevitability and patterns; thus by exploration， and recognition of its mode of occurrence， promoting public awareness and hazard control， traffic accidents prove to be cognizable， contro- llable and preventable.For this reason， China has long formulated and has consistently implemented the traffic safety policy “safety first and prevention foremost”.The policy states that prevention is the fundamental principle of traffic safety and we should emphasize the key role of prevention in traffic safety; however people may not able to understand the relationship between “safety” and “prevention”.
Traffic safety： it is a status in which the risk of personal injury and property loss is reduced and kept at or below an acceptable level through continuous process of hazard identification and risk management.
Traffic accident prevention： this is a countermeasure taken in advance against anticipated possible deviations from the expected course or naturally occurring normal process when an event takes place.
Clearly， safety is the result of prevention， and prevention is a means of safety.“Safety first” is the soul of “prevention foremost”.Without the thought of safety first， prevention foremost loses its ideological base.“Prevention foremost” is
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