前言
2004年,一项关于晚期非小细胞肺癌NSCLC患者的随机研究显示,多西他赛联合顺铂化疗方案中位生存期为11.3个月比长春地辛联合顺铂化疗方案中位生存期为9.6个月使中位总生存期OS延长1.7个月[1]。虽然这项研究改变了1981年建立的晚期非小细胞肺癌患者20年以来的治疗标准[2],但生存时间的优势非常小。然而,从那时起到现在,通过在标准联合化疗基础上[3]结合抗血管生成药物[3]、加入更新的药物[4,5]和继续维持治疗[6],每个里程碑式研究中的一个小优势逐渐地将中位OS延长到了16.9个月[6],几乎是长春地辛联合顺铂治疗的两倍。尽管分子靶向药物治疗只用于携带特定驱动基因突变的癌症患者,但是通过该治疗已经观察到中位OS大幅度的延长[7-9]。通过结合新兴起的免疫检查点疗法,有望进一步改善延长OS[10,11]。近十年来,晚期非小细胞肺癌治疗的前进伴随着分子检测技术和生物信息学的进步,当然它还涉及调控机制和伴随诊断的问题。由于现有的大量患者和明确的驱动癌基因的存在,最近晚期非小细胞肺癌的临床分子靶向研究已成为热点,也引领了许多其他癌症的临床研究。
本书讨论了当前关于肺癌治疗、相关的转化研究和调控机制,并讨论了未来的发展方向,特别是上皮-间质转化、肿瘤干细胞的性质以及肿瘤与其微环境之间的相互作用。
本书作者大部分来自肿瘤专家培养计划(GANN PRO)的子项目临床肿瘤学合作专家国际培训计划http:kanto-kokusai-ganpro.md.tsukuba.ac.jp。GANN PRO由千叶大学、筑波大学、群马大学、日本医学院、崎玉医学院和独协医学院组成。此外,我们期望这本书能对广大读者及参加GANN PRO计划的研究生有较好的参考价值。
我们希望肺癌治疗的进一步发展能更好地减轻患者和家属的痛苦。
Yuichi Takiguchi
于日本千叶
参考文献
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