计算机文化基础双语课程或全英文教学课程所用教材一直以来依赖于引进教材，没有一本适合大学一年级学生的我国出版的教材，而全国越来越多的高校在开展计算机文化基础的双语或全英文教学，迫切需要一本适合国内高校教学体系的英文教材。编者在结合多年KM教学论的实践中，摸索出这门课的教学内容与教学方法，以此编写这本面向大学一年级学生的掌握计算机基础知识及计算机应用操作的教材。目前*版教材已被全国20余所高校采纳使用。
《计算机基础与实践（英文版）第2版》是创新方法工作专项项目科学思维、科学方法在高等学校教学创新中的应用与实践KM教学法的研究与实践的主要研究成果之一（一系列教材之一）。《计算机基础与实践（英文版）第2版》共分2篇：*篇为理论篇，包括Computer Basics and Digitization, Computer Hardware, Computer Software, Operating System, Networks, and Computer Careers and Ethics; 第二篇为实践篇，包括：Microsoft WORD2010,MS Excel 2010,and
內容簡介：
本书是创新方法工作专项项目科学思维、科学方法在高等学校教学创新中的应用与实践KM教学法的研究与实践的主要研究成果之一。 全书共分两篇：*篇为理论篇，包括Computer Basics and Digitization, Computer Hardware, Computer Software, Operating System, Networks, Python Programming Language, Computer Careers and Ethics; 第二篇为实践篇，包括Microsoft Word 2010, Microsoft Excel 2010, and Microsoft PowerPoint 2010。 本书开篇给出理论知识的逻辑结构图，每章均有本章的知识逻辑结构图，相关知识点附有KM图，在教学上实现薄厚薄的教学回路，力图在内容、阐述等方面形成新的模式。 本书适合高等院校作为大学计算机基础课程的双语教材和留学生教材，也适合作为学习计算机及英语的入门参考书籍。
目錄：
Part I Theory Part
Chapter 1 Computer Basics and Digitization 3
1.1 Computer Basics 3
1.1.1 An Overview of the Computer Development 4
1.1.2 The Digital Revolution 5
1.1.3 Computer Types and Uses 6
1.2 Digital Data Representation 8
1.2.1 An Overview of the Digital Data Representation 8
1.2.2 Numbering Systems 10
1.2.3 More Data Representations 14
1.3 Information Security 21
1.3.1 An Overview of Information Security 21
1.3.2 Information Security Techniques 21
Exercises 23
Chapter 2 Computer Hardware 24
2.1 An Overview of the Computer Hardware 24
2.2 Microprocessors 27
2.2.1 Microprocessors Basics 27
2.2.2 Processor Logic 28
2.2.3 Microprocessors Performance 30
2.3 Memory 32
2.3.1 Random Access Memory 32
2.3.2 Read-only Memory 33
2.3.3 Cache Memory 34
2.3.4 Virtual Memory 34
2.4 Storage Devices 35
2.4.1 Storage Basics 35
2.4.2 Magnetic Storage Technology 36
2.4.3 Optical Storage Technology 37
2.4.4 Solid State Storage Technology 38
2.5 Input and Output Devices 39
2.5.1 Input Devices 39
2.5.2 Output Devices 43
2.5.3 Installing Peripheral Devices 51
Exercises 53
Chapter 3 Computer Software 55
3.1 An Overview of the Computer Software 55
3.1.1 Software Aspects 55
3.1.2 Software Development 56
3.2 Software Categories 60
3.2.1 System Software 60
3.2.2 Application Software 63
3.2.3 Development Software 69
3.3 Installing Software 70
3.3.1 Installation on Windows 70
3.3.2 Installation on UNIXLinux 72
3.4 Security Software 73
Exercises 76
Chapter 4 Operating System 77
4.1 An Overview of the Operating System 77
4.2 Operating System Basics 80
4.2.1 Operating System Activities 80
4.2.2 User Interfaces 82
4.2.3 The Boot Process 83
4.3 Types of Operating Systems 84
4.4 File Management 88
4.4.1 File Basics 88
4.4.2 Application-based File Management 92
4.4.3 File Backup 97
Exercises 102
Chapter 5 The Networks 103
5.1 An Overview of the Networks 103
5.2 Network Devices 104
5.2.1 Wired Devices 104
5.2.2 Wireless Devices 107
5.2.3 Transmission Media 107
5.2.4 Network Topologies 110
5.3 LAN 111
5.3.1 Communications Protocols 111
5.3.2 Network Setup 118
5.4 Internet 120
5.4.1 Internet Basics 120
5.4.2 Internet Access 126
5.4.3 Internet Services 131
5.5 The Web and E-mail 135
5.6 The Network Security 145
Exercises 149
Chapter 6 Python Programming Language 150
6.1 An Overview of Python Programming Language 150
6.1.1 History of Python Programming Language 150
6.1.2 The Features of Python Programming Language 151
6.1.3 Development Environments 152
6.2 Basics of Python Programming Language 152
6.2.1 Python Program Overview 152
6.2.2 Objects 153
6.2.3 Expressions 154
6.2.4 Statements 155
6.2.5 Functions & Modules 156
6.3 Python Flow Control 157
6.3.1 Sequence Structure 157
6.3.2 Selection Structure 158
6.3.3 Loop Structure 161
6.4 Data Type 166
6.4.1 List 166
6.4.2 Tuples 170
6.4.3 Strings 173
6.4.4 Sets 176
6.4.5 Dictionary 181
6.5 Graphics 185
6.5.1 Graphic Rendering Based on Tkinter 185
6.5.2 Turtle Drawing Based on Turtle Module 187
6.5.3 Draw a Square 188
6.5.4 Draw a Polygon 189
6.5.5 Draw a Circular Spiral 189
Chapter 7 Computer Careers and Ethics 190
7.1 Computer Careers 190
7.2 Professional Ethics 193
Part II Practice Part
Chapter 8 Microsoft Word 2010 197
8.1 An Overview of Word 2010 197
8.1.1 Microsoft Word 2010 Components 197
8.1.2 Layouts in Word 2010 199
8.2 Building a Basic Document 201
8.2.1 Creating a Document 202
8.2.2 Using Template to Create a Document 202
8.2.3 Saving a Document 202
8.2.4 Closing the Document 203
8.3 Functions of Word 2010 204
8.3.1 Editing the Text 204
8.3.2 Spelling and Grammar Check 205
8.3.3 Document Settings 208
8.3.4 Integrating Pictures and Text 216
8.3.5 Table 217
8.3.6 Page Design and Printing 220
Chapter 9 Microsoft Excel 2010 222
9.1 An Overview of Microsoft Excel 2010 222
9.1.1 Microsoft Excel Interface 222
9.1.2 More about Worksheets 222
9.2 Working with Worksheets 228
9.2.1 Entering Worksheet Content 228
9.2.2 Editing Worksheet Content 229
9.2.3 Formatting a Worksheet 232
9.3 Functions of Excel 2010 235
9.3.1 Using Formulas and Functions 235
9.3.2 Analyzing Excel Data 240
9.3.3 Creating a Chart 244
Chapter 10 Microsoft PowerPoint 2010 252
10.1 An Overview of PowerPoint 2010 252
10.1.1 Components of Microsoft PowerPoint 2010 252
10.1.2 Presentation as a Slide Show 256
10.2 Creating, Formatting Slides and Slide Views 256
10.2.1 Creating Slides 256
10.2.2 Formatting Slides 256
10.2.3 Slide Views 258
10.2.4 Basic Operations of Slides 261
10.3 Settings in Presentation and Slides Show 263
10.3.1 Setting Presentation Appearance 263
10.3.2 Setting Slide Show Effect 266
10.4 Presenting Slides 271
10.4.1 Slide Show 271
10.4.2 Hiding a Slide and Showing a Hidden Slide 272
References 274
內容試閱：
Computer Basics is a computer-based course which is taught in universities for the freshmen. The purpose is to introduce computers basic knowledge, operating methods and applications in various fields. This enables students to acquire basic knowledge and skills of computer applications as well as to assist their own specialized courses with the help of the computer knowledge they learned.
This course contains a wide range of knowledge and the relative applications of computers that students should master. The updating of teaching contents shows hysteresis with the rapid replacement and evolution of computers. How to teach and be learned efficiently within the limited course hours is a big challenge for university teachers and students.
This textbook is the result of challenging, discovering teaching innovation. The renovated teaching theory, teaching methods, and teaching organizing with cognizing modules are applied in this textbook.
1. This textbook is compiled according to the renovation teaching theory of knowledge logic structure and mind form note KM theory based on cognition.
2. The contents of this textbook are seperated into two parts： theory part and application part. The theory part is lectured in class with basic computers theory knowledge. And the practice is operated in computer rooms with application of theory knowledge.
3. This textbook is lectured with new teaching modules. It is spread from part KM chart, chapter KM chart to knowledge nodes KM chart. The teaching module may be conducted as thin - thick - thin to realize the spiral cognition.
This textbook is one of the research achievements of Innovation Method Project Application and Practice of Scientific Thinking, Scientific Method in Universities Teaching RenovationResearch and Practice of KM Teaching Method Project No. 2009IM010400-2-01. And this textbook is funded by University of Science and Technology Beijing. This version is the second edition for the popular use in universities for bilingual classes or overseas students teaching. Some errors are revised in this edition and a programming language is added in this edition. We chose the popular Python programming language as Chapter 6. The other contents remain unchanged. Thanks for the work of graduated students. And thanks for all the technical reviewers and press project coordinators.
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