Contents
1 Simulation of industrial scale distillation column 1
1.1 History of distillation process modeling 2
1.2 Description of conventional model 3
1.3 Computational mass transfer CMT model： Simulation of concentration distribution and others 49
1.4 Summary 90
References 96
2 Operational region of distillation column 102
2.1 Hydrodynamic region of sieve tray 102
2.2 Hydrodynamic of packed column 130
2.3 Falling film column 133
References 140
3 Unsteady distillation 141
3.1 Batch distillation 141
3.2 Start-up of close boiling distillation column 168
3.3 Comparison of unsteady dynamics by using different distillation models 187
3.4 Dynamic response of distillation column 190
References 193
4 Bubble behaviors 194
4.1 Evolution of bubblesin distillation column 194
4.2 Micro behaviors near interface 207
4.3 Fluid velocity around a rising bubble 212
References 220
5 Development of extended computational mass transfer 221
5.1 Model equation of macro process transfer 223
5.2 Computational methodology 242
5.3 Summary 270
References 272
6 Mass transfer in binary and multi-component systems 273
6.1 Mass transfer rate in binary two-component system 273
6.2 Mass transfer in multi-component system 288
6.3 Application of multi-component mass transfer equation 293
6.4 Verification of simulated result 300
Referrences 306
7 Concentration fields near interface 307
7.1 Micro behaviors near interface 307
7.2 Concentration at bubble interface 308
7.3 Multi-scale theory of interfacial mass transfer 316
7.4 Experimental verification 324
7.5 Discussion 325
7.6 Summary 325
References 327
8 Interfacial convection and enhancement of mass transfer 328
8.1 Interfacial convection 328
8.2 Simulation of Marangoni convection 333
8.3 Rayleigh convection 349
8.4 Enhancement of mass transfer by interfacial convection 363
8.5 Summary 391
References 393
9 Multi-scale simulation： from interface to bulk fluid 395
9.1 Distribution model 396
9.2 Disturbance model 397
9.3 Interfacial hybrid model： Fixed point interfacial disturbance model 400
9.4 Interfacial hybrid model： Uniformly distributed multi-points of disturbance at interface 408
9.5 Interfacial hybrid model： Non-uniformly distributed multi-points disturbance at interface 410
9.6 Interfacial hybrid model： Random disturbance model 411
9.7 Interfacial hybrid model： Self-renewable interface model 415
9.8 Conversion of LB model to Navier-Stoles equation 420
9.9 Summary 422
References 425
10 Thermodynamic of mass transfer process 426
10.1 Thermodynamic analysis 426
10.2 Determination of vapor-liquid equilibrium composition 442
References 455
11 Process energy utilization for a distillation column 456
11.1 Methods of energy saving for distillation 456
11.2 Dividing wall distillation column 468
11.3 Energy saving by using efficient column structure and internals 475
11.4 Energy saving by hybrid distillation process 479
11.5 Energy saving by reducing the heat loss to the environment 479
11.6 Energy saving by reducing the irreversibility loss 479
11.7 Energy saving by heat integration of distillation column system 479
References 491
12 Engineering practice of distillation 493
12.1 Development of novel “window induced flow” modular structured packing Winpak 493
12.2 Engineering retrofit of refinery vacuum column 503
12.3 Engineering retrofit of ethyl benzenestyrene distillation system 508
12.4 Development of novel adsorptive distillation 510
References 521
Postscript 523
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