图1-1胸廓前面观 Anterior aspect ofthe thoracic cage
图1-2胸廓侧面观 Lateral aspect of the thoracic cage
图1-3胸廓后面观 Posterior aspect ofthe thoracic cage
图1-4胸骨（前、侧面观） Sternum anterior and lateral aspects
图1-5肋骨 Rib
图1-6胸椎（上面、侧面观） Thoracic vertebra superior and lateral aspects
乳腺切口的选择及解剖层次
图1-7女性乳腺手术入路切口（一） Incision ofthe female breast surgery 1
图1-8女性乳腺手术入路切口（二） Incision of the female breast surgery 2
图1-9女性乳腺（一）Female breast 1
图1-10女性乳腺（二）Female breast 2
开胸手术前外侧手术入路的解剖层次
图1-11胸部前外侧手术入路切口（一） Anterolateral incision of the thorax 1
图1-12胸部前外侧手术入路切口（二）Anterolateral incision of the thorax 2
图1-13胸大肌Pectoralis major
图1-14锁胸筋膜、胸小肌 Clavipectoral fascia and pectoralis minor
图1-15锁骨下静脉Subclavian vein
锁骨下静脉穿刺术的应用解剖学要点
图1-16前锯肌Serratus anterior
图1-17胸前壁（成人） Anterior wall of the thorax adult
图1-18胸前壁（儿童） Anterior wall of the thorax child
图1-19胸前壁内侧面血管 Blood vessels on the medial surface of the anterior thoracic wall
胸骨角的应用解剖学要点
开胸手术后外侧切口手术入路的解剖层次
图1-20胸部后外侧手术入路切口（一）Posterolateral incision of the thorax 1
图1-21 胸部后外侧手术入路切口（二）Posterolateral incision of the thorax 2
图1-22胸部后外侧手术入路切口（三）Posterolateral incision of the thorax 3
图1-23胸背部浅层结构 Superficial structure of the thoracodorsal region
图1-24背浅部结构 Superficial structures of the back
图1-25胸背部深层结构 Deep structures of the thoracodorsal region
图1-26胸后壁内侧面血管 Blood vessels on the medial surface of the posterior thoracic wall
图1-27膈的左侧面观 Left aspect of the diaphragm
图1-28膈的右侧面观 Right aspect of the diaphragm
图1-31左胸大肌皮瓣 Skin flap over left pectoralis major
图1-32右胸大肌皮瓣 Skin flap over right pectoralis major
图1-33胸大肌皮瓣 Skin flap over pectoralis major
图1-34胸大肌肌瓣（一）Pectoralis major flap 1
图1-35胸大肌肌瓣（二）Pectoralis major flap 2
胸大肌肌（皮）瓣的应用解剖学要点
图2-1肋胸膜前面观（带胸廓） Anterior aspect of the costal pleura with thoracic cage
图2-2肋胸膜左侧面观（带胸廓） Left aspect of the costal pleura with thoracic cage
图2-3肋胸膜右侧面观（带胸廓） Right aspect of the costal pleura with thoracic cage
图2-4肋胸膜前面观 Anterior aspect of the costal pleura
图2-5肋胸膜左侧面观 Left aspect of the costal pleura
图2-6肋胸膜右侧面观 Right aspect of the costal pleura
图2-7肋纵隔隐窝Costomediastinal recess
图2-8肋膈隐窝（左侧面观）Costodiaphragmatic recess Left aspect
胸膜腔穿刺术的应用解剖学要点
图2-9肺的位置（前面观） Localization oflungs anterior aspect
图2-10肺的后面观（心包外肺门结构） Posterior aspect of lungs hilum of lung outside of the pericardium
图2-11肺根结构 Structures of the root of lung
图2-12左肺根前面观 Anterior aspect of the root ofleft lung
图2-13左肺根后面观 Posterior aspect of the root of left lung
图2-14 左侧胸腔大体观（胸腔镜下观）Overview of the left thoracic cavity VATS
图2-15 左肺动脉及其分支（胸腔镜下观一） Left pulmonary artery and branchVATS-1
图2-16 左肺静脉及其分支（胸腔镜下观二） Left pulmonary vein and branchVATS-2
图2-17左侧肺门结构（心包外） Structures of the left hilum of lung outside of the pericardium）
图2-18左肺门内结构前面观 Anterior aspect of the hilum of left lung
图2-19左侧肺门内结构 Structures in the hilum of left lung
图2-20右肺根前面观 Anterior aspect of the root of right lung
图2-21右肺根后面观 Posterior aspect of the root of right lung
图2-22 右侧胸腔镜下大体观 overview of the thoracic cavity through VATS
图2-23 右肺动脉及其分支（胸腔镜下观一）Right pulmonary artery and branchVATS-1
图2-24 右肺静脉及其分支（胸腔镜下观二）Right pulmonary vein and branchVATS-2
图2-25右侧肺门结构（心包外） Structures of the right hilum oflung outside of the pericardium
图2-26右侧肺门内结构 Structures of the hilum of right lung
图2-27右肺尖与胸膜顶 Apex of the right lung and cupula of pleura
图2-28肺尖、胸膜顶水平切 Horizontal section through apex of the lung and cupula of pleura 34
图2-29肺尖与第1肋Apex of lung and the first rib
图2-30经肺门胸部横断面 Transverse section of the thorax through the hilum oflung
图2-31经腋中线胸部冠状切 Coronary section of the thorax through midaxillary line
图2-32胸部X线正位片Orthophoria X-ray film of the thorax
图2-33胸部X线侧位片 Lateral X-ray film of the thorax
第三章纵隔
图3-1成人纵隔前面观 Anterior aspect of the mediastinum adult
图3-2儿童纵隔前面观 Anterior aspect of the mediastinum child
心包穿刺术的应用解剖学要点
图3-3纵隔前面观（肋骨、肺已切除）Anterior aspect of the mediastinum
ribs and lungs were cut off）
图3-4纵隔前面观（一）（胸骨、肋骨已切除）
Anterior aspect of the mediastinum 1sternum and ribs were cut off
图3-5纵隔前面观（二）（胸骨、肋骨已切除）
Anterior aspect of the mediastinum 2sternum and ribs were cut off
图3-6胸腺的形态 Morphology of the thymus
图3-7纵隔左侧面观（一） Left aspect of the mediastinum 1
图3-8纵隔左侧面观（二）Left aspect of the mediastinum 2
图3-9纵隔右侧面观（一） Right aspect of the mediastinum 1
图3-10纵隔右侧面观（二） Right aspect of the mediastinum 2
胸外心按压术的应用解剖学要点
图3-11后纵隔前面观 Anterior aspect of the posterior mediastinum
图3-12纵隔后面观 Posterior aspect of the mediastinum
图3-13纵隔后面观，示左肺根 Posterior aspect of the mediastinum to show the root of the left lung
图3-14纵隔后面观，示右肺根 Posterior aspect of the mediastinum to show the root of the right lung
图3-15纵隔前面观 Anterior aspect of the mediastinum
图3-16左侧纵隔胸膜 Left mediastinal pleura
图3-17右侧纵隔胸膜 Right mediastinal pleura
图3-18动脉导管三角 Triangle of ductusarteriosus
图3-19上纵隔结构（一） Structures of the superior mediastinum 1
图3-20上纵隔结构（二） Structures of the superior mediastinum 2
图3-21前纵隔上部浅层结构 Superficial structures of the upper part of anterior mediastinum
图3-22气管、支气管前面观 Anterior aspect of the trachea and bronchi
图3-23气管、支气管后面观 Posterior aspect of the trachea and bronchi
图3-24气管隆嵴 Carina oftrachea
气管隆嵴的应用解剖学要点
图3-25气管、支气管的位置毗邻 Localization and adjacent structures of the trachea andbronchi
图3-26支气管、食管和主动脉的位置 Localization of the bronchi, esophagus and aorta
图3-27气管、支气管冠状切面 Coronal section of the trachea and bronchi
图3-28支气管动脉 Arteries of the bronchus
图3-29支气管的神经分布（后面观） Nerve supply of the bronchus posterior aspect
图3-30支气管淋巴结 Bronchial lymph nodes
经支气管动脉介入治疗的应用解剖学要点
图3-31食管的动脉分布（后面观） Arteries of the esophagus posterior aspect
图3-32食管的神经支配（后面观） Nerves of the esophagus posterior aspect）
图3-33胸导管胸段（后面观） Thoracic segment ofthoracic duct posterior aspect
图3-34 心后面观（胸导管） posterior aspect of the heartthoracic duct
图3-35胸段下腔静脉 Thoracic part of inferior vena cava
图3-36肺循环的血管 Blood vessels of the pulmonary circulation
图3-37心底大血管 Great vessels on cardiac base
图3-38肺循环的血管（升主动脉已切除）
Blood vessels of the pulmonary circulation ascending aorta was cut off 图3-39肺循环的血管（上腔静脉已切除）
Blood vessels of the pulmonary circulation superior vena cava was cut off 图3-40动脉韧带 Arterial ligament
图3-41动脉导管三角（侧面观）Ductusarterious triangle lateral aspect
图3-42食管上三角（侧面观） Superior esophagus triangle lateral aspect
图3-43白交通支和灰交通支 White and grey communicating branches
图3-44心包前面观（一） Anterior aspect of the pericardium 1
图3-45心包前面观（二） Anterior aspect of the pericardium 2
图3-46心包后面观 Posterior aspect of the pericardium
图3-47心的外形前面观（心包前部已切除）
Anterior aspect of the heart anterior part of the pericardium was cut off
图3-48心包后面观（心已取出） Posterior aspect of the pericardium heart was taken out
图3-49左心房在体后面观 Posterior aspect of the left atrium in thoracic cavity
图3-50左心房后面观（心包已切开）
Posterior aspect of the left atrium pericardium was opened
图3-51成人心的位置前面观 Anterior aspect of the position of adults heart
图3-52儿童心的位置前面观 Anterior aspect of the position of childs heart
图3-53 心前面观（一） Anterior aspect of the heart 1
图3-54心前面观（二） Anterior aspect of the heart 2
图3-55心右侧面观（一） Right aspect of the heart1
图3-56 心右侧面观（二） Right aspect of the heart 2
图3-57心左侧面观（一） Left aspect of the heart 1
图3-58 心左侧面观（二） Left aspect of the heart 2
图3-59 心后面观（一） Posterior aspect of the heart 1
图3-60心后面观（二） Posterior aspect of the heart 2
图3-61心后面观（三） Posterior aspect of the heart 3
图3-62 心底面观Basal aspect of the heart
图3-63右心的位置 Localization of theright part of heart
图3-64 右心房和右心室腔 Right atrium and right ventricle cavity
图3-65右心房内结构（一） Internal structure of the right atrium1
图3-66右心房内结构（二） Internal structure of the right atrium 2
图3-67右心房内结构（三） Internal structures of the right atrium 3
卵圆窝的应用解剖学要点
图3-68 右房室瓣Right atrioventricular valve
图3-69右房室瓣心房面观 Atrial-side aspect of the right atrioventricular valve
图3-70右房室口上面观 Superior aspect of the right ventricular orifice
图3-71右心房、右心室 Right atrium and right ventricle
图3-72右心室内结构（一） Internal structures of the rightventricle 1
图3-73右心室内结构（二） Internal structures of the right ventricle2
图3-74 左、右心室腔Left ventricle and right ventricle
图3-75右心室流出道结构 Structures of the outflow path of right ventricle
图3-76右心室流出道 Outflow path ofright ventricle
图3-77 右心室流入道和流出道Inflow and outflow path of right ventricle
图3-78右心室内节制索（隔缘肉柱）（一）
Moderator band of right ventricle septomarginaltrabecula 1
图3-79右心室内节制索（隔缘肉柱）（二）
Moderator band of right ventricle septomarginaltrabecula2
图3-80心腔内注射进针的部位和层次
Positions and layers of the intracavitary administration into the heart
右心室内注射术的应用解剖学要点
图3-81室间隔右侧面观 Right aspect of theinterventricular septum
图3-82室间隔膜部形态（透射照像法一）
Morphology of the membranous part of interventricular septum transmission method, 1）
图3-83室间隔膜部形态（透射照像法二）
Morphology of the membranous part of interventricular septum transmission method, 2
图3-84室间隔膜部形态（透射照像法三）
Morphology of the membranous part of interventricular septum transmission method, 3
图3-85室间隔膜部形态（心冠状切面一）
Morphology of the membranous part of interventricular septum coronary section, 1
图3-86室间隔膜部形态（心冠状切面二）
Morphology of the membranous part of interventricular septum coronary section, 2
室间隔膜部的应用解剖学要点
图3-87左心房后面观 Posterior aspect of the left atrium
图3-88左心房内结构后面观（左心房后壁已切开）
Posterior aspect of the left atrium posterior wall of the left atrium was opened）
图3-89左心房、左心室 Left atrium and left ventricle
图3-90 二尖瓣复合体 Mitral complex
图3-91左房室口上面观 Superior aspect of the left atrioventricular orifice
图3-92左房室瓣心室面观Ventriculsurface-side aspect of the left atrioventricular valve
图3-93左房室瓣展平观（一） Spread aspect of thethe left atrioventricular valve 1
图3-94左房室瓣展平观（二） Spread aspect of the left atrioventricular valve 2
图3-95左房室瓣心房面观（透射照像法）
Atrial-side aspect of the left atrioventricular valve transmission method
图3-96左房室瓣心室面观（透射照像法）
Ventricular-side aspect of the left atrioventricular valve transmission method
图3-97左房室瓣前尖扫描电子显微镜照片，2000
Anterior cusp of left atrioventricular valve under scanning electronmicroscopy,2000
图3-98二尖瓣前尖扫描电子显微镜照片，剥除瓣膜表面心内膜层，800
Anterior cusp of left atrioventricular valve under scanning electronmicroscopy, endocardium has been divested, 800
图3-99二尖瓣前尖扫描电子显微镜照片，矢状切面，1280
Anterior cusp of left atrioventricular valve under scanning electronmicroscopic, sagittal section, 1280
图3-100二尖瓣前尖组织结构（一）VG染色，石蜡切片，3.24
Structure the of anterior cusp of left atrioventricular valve 1VG staining,paraffin section, 3.24
图3-101二尖瓣前尖组织结构（二）VG染色，石蜡切片，3.24
Structure of the anterior cusp of left atrioventricular valve 2VG staining,paraffin section, 3.24
图3-102瓣膜内有髓神经纤维（透射电子显微镜照片），3000
Myelinated nerve fibers of the valve transmission electronmicroscopy, 3000
图3-103左心室内部结构 Structures of the left ventricle
图3-104左心室流出道结构（一） Structures of the outflow path ofleft ventricle 1
图3-105左心室流出道结构（二） Structures of the outflow path of left ventricle 2
图3-106 左心室流入道和流出道Inflow and outflow path of left ventricle
图3-107左心室流入、流出道 Inflow and outflow path ofleft ventricle
图3-108腱索（一） Chordae tendineae1
图3-109腱索（二） Chordae tendineae2
图3-110腱索（三） Chordae tendineae3
图3-111腱索纵切面观，VG染色，石蜡切片，3.24
Longitudinal section of the chordae tendineae, VG staining,paraffin section, 3.24
图3-112腱索扫描电子显微镜照片（一）示腱索表面内皮细胞排列，400
Chordinaetendineae under scanning electronmicroscopy 1, showing arrangement of endothelial cells on chordae tendineae, 400
图3-113腱索扫描电子显微镜照片（二），300
Chordinaetendineae under scanning electronmicroscopy 2, 300
图3-114腱索扫描电子显微镜照片（三）示胶原纤维的形态，1960
Chordinaetendineae under scanning electronmicroscopy 3, showing morphology of collagenous fibers, 1960
图3-115腱索扫描电子显微镜照片（四）示弹力纤维，3000
Chordinaetendineae under scanning electronmicroscopy 4, showing elastic fibers, 3000
腱索的应用解剖学要点
图3-116心房肌、心室肌后面观Posterior aspect of the atrial and ventricular myocardium
图3-117右心房肌（前外侧面观） Right atrium anterolateral aspect
图3-118心房肌（前上面观） Atrial myocardiumanterosuperior aspect
图3-119心肌袖组织切片（VG染色） Slice of myocardial sleeveVG staining
图3-120心纤维环（上面观） Fibrous ring of heartsuperior aspect
图3-121心室肌（后面观）Venticular myocardiumposterior aspect
图3-122心室肌的排列层次（左心室前外侧壁）
Layers of ventricular myocardiumanterolateral wall of left ventricle
图3-123心尖部心肌的形态 Morphology of the cardiac apical myocardium
图3-124心室肌横切面 Cross section of the ventricular myocardium
图3-125左心室肌矢状切面 Longitudinal section of the left ventricular myocardium
图3-126左心室肌（透射电子显微镜照片），4000
Myocardium of the left ventricle transmission electronmicroscopic photo, 4000
图3-127心浅丛 Superficial cardiac plexus
图3-128窦房结的位置（一）Position of the sinuatrial node 1
图3-129窦房结的位置（二）石蜡切片，H-E染色，3.34
Position of thesinuatrial node 2 Paraffin section, H-E staining, 3.34
图3-130房室结的位置 Position of theatrioventricular node
图3-131房室结的动脉（起始于右冠状动脉）
Artery of the atrioventricular node arising from right coronary artery
图3-132房室结的位置，Masson染色，40
Position of theatrioventricular node, Masson staining, 40
图3-133心肌袖（心房肌）内的传导组织箭头示传导组织，横纹不发达
Conducting tissue in the myocardial sleeve atrial muscle
Arrows show the conducting tissue with incompletely developed striations
图3-134心肌袖（心房肌）传导组织内的P细胞透射电子显微镜照片，5000
P cell in the conducting tissue of myocardial sleeve atrial myocardium, transmission electronmicroscopic photo, 5000
图3-135右心房动脉（上面观） Arteries of the right atrium superior aspect
图3-136右心房动脉（前外侧面观）Arteries of the right atriumanterolateral aspect
图3-137左心房动脉（上面观） Arteries of the left atrium superior aspect
图3-138左心房动脉（前面观） Arteries of the left atrium anterior aspect
图3-139左心房动脉（后面观一） Arteries of the left atrium posterior aspect 1
图3-140左心房动脉（后面观二） Arteries of the left atrium posterior aspect 2
图3-141左冠状动脉（心房已切除） Left coronary artery atria have been resected
图3-142左冠状动脉左前外侧面观（一）
Left anterolateral aspect of the left coronary artery 1
图3-143左冠状动脉左前外侧面观（二）
Left anterolateral aspect of the left coronary artery 2
图3-144左冠状动脉左前外侧面观（三）
Left anterolateral aspect of the left coronary artery 3
图3-145左冠状动脉左前外侧面观（四）
Left anterolateral aspect of the left coronary artery 4
图3-146右冠状动脉前面观 Anterior aspect of the right coronary artery
图3-147心肌桥（左室前壁） Myocardial bridge anterior wall of left ventricle
壁冠状动脉的应用解剖学要点
图3-148心尖部的动脉吻合 Arterial anastomosis of the cardiac apex
图3-149乳头肌血供 Blood supply of the papillary muscles
图3-150乳头肌血供（钼靶X线片）
Blood supply of the papillary muscles molybdenum target X-ray film
图3-151动脉圆锥支Branch of arterialconus
图3-152心室膈面的动脉分布（左优势型一）
Arteries of the diaphragmatic surface of ventricles left-dominant type 1
图3-153心室膈面的动脉分布（左优势型二）
Arteries of the diaphragmatic surface of ventricles left-dominant type 2
图3-154心室膈面动脉分布（右优势型一）
Arteries of the diaphragmatic surface of ventricles right-dominant type 1
图3-155心室膈面动脉分布（右优势型二）
Arteries of the diaphragmatic surface of ventricles right-dominant type 2
图3-156心室膈面动脉分布（右优势型三）
Arteries of the diaphragmatic surface of ventricles right-dominant type 3
图3-157心室膈面动脉分布（右优势型四）
Arteries of the diaphragmatic surface of ventricles right-dominant type 4
图3-158心室膈面动脉分布（均衡型一）
Arteries of the diaphragmatic surface of ventricles balanced type 1
图3-159心室膈面动脉分布（均衡型二）
Arteries of the diaphragmatic surface of ventricles balanced type 2
图3-160心室膈面动脉分布（均衡型三）
Arteries of the diaphragmatic surface of ventricles balanced type 3
图3-161心室膈面动脉分布（均衡型四）
Arteries of the diaphragmatic surface of ventricles balanced type 4
图3-162心室膈面动脉分布（均衡型五）
Arteries of the diaphragmatic surface of ventricles balanced type 5
图3-163胸部动脉铸型Cast of the thoracic arteries
图3-164 心冠状动脉数字减影血管造影图 DSA of the coronary artery
冠状动脉分布类型的应用解剖学要点
图3-165心大静脉 Great cardiac vein
图3-166左缘静脉 Left marginal vein
图3-167冠状窦（一） Coronary sinus 1
图3-168冠状窦（二） Coronary sinus 2
图3-169心的血管铸型（前面观）Vascular cast of the heart anterior aspect
图3-170心的血管铸型（后面观）Vascular cast of the heart posterior aspect
图3-171心的横切面（经冠状沟平面）
Transverse section of the heart through coronary sulcus level
图3-172心的冠状切面（经主动脉瓣）
Coronary section of the heart through aortic valve
图3-173心的冠状切面（经肺动脉干）
Coronary section of the heart through pulmonary trunk
图3-174胸上部水平切面
Transverse section of the superior part of thorax
图3-175经肺动脉干胸部横断面
Transverse section of the thorax through pulmonary trunk
图3-176经动脉圆锥的胸部冠状切面
Coronary section of the thorax through conusarteriosus
图3-177经升主动脉的胸部冠状切面
Coronary section of the thorax through ascending aorta
图3-178经室间隔的胸部矢状切面
Sagittal section of the thorax through interventricular septum
图3-179经主动脉根部的CT检查（X线片
X-ray film of the CT examination through the root of aorta
图3-180右前瓣斜位心长轴MRI检查（X线片）
Right anterior oblique section through long axis of the heart X-ray film of MRI examination）
图3-181体轴冠状位的MRI检查X线片
X-ray film of MRI examination through coronary axis of body
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