Douglas E. Comer博士是TCPIP协议和因特网的国际公认专家。自20世纪70年代末、80年代初形成因特网以来，他就一直致力于因特网的研究工作，他也是负责指导因特网开发的因特网结构委员会（IAB）的成员，还是CSNET技术委员会的主席和CSNET执行委员会的成员。 Comer博士是普度大学计算机科学系的教授，他主要教授计算机网络、因特网和操作系统的课程，并进行相关的研究。除了撰写一系列畅销的技术书籍之外，他还是Software-Practice and Experience杂志的北美地区编辑。
Douglas E. Comer博士是TCPIP协议和因特网的国际公认专家。自20世纪70年代末、80年代初形成因特网以来，他就一直致力于因特网的研究工作，他也是负责指导因特网开发的因特网结构委员会（IAB）的成员，还是CSNET技术委员会的主席和CSNET执行委员会的成员。 Comer博士是普度大学计算机科学系的教授，他主要教授计算机网络、因特网和操作系统的课程，并进行相关的研究。除了撰写一系列畅销的技术书籍之外，他还是Software-Practice and Experience杂志的北美地区编辑。
目錄：
Contents
PART I Introduction And Internet Applications
Chapter 1 Introduction And Overview 1
1.1 Growth Of Computer Networking 1
1.2 Why Networking Seems Complex 2
1.3 The Five Key Aspects Of Networking 2
1.4 Public And Private Parts Of The Internet 6
1.5 Networks, Interoperability, And Standards 8
1.6 Protocol Suites And Layering Models 9
1.7 How Data Passes Through Layers 11
1.8 Headers And Layers 12
1.9 ISO And The OSI Seven Layer Reference Model 13
1.10 Remainder Of The Text 14
1.11 Summary 14
Chapter 2 Internet Trends 17
2.1 Introduction 17
2.2 Resource Sharing 17
2.3 Growth Of The Internet 18
2.4 From Resource Sharing To Communication 21
2.5 From Text To Multimedia 21
2.6 Recent Trends 22
2.7 From Individual Computers To Cloud Computing 23
2.8 Summary 24
Chapter 3 Internet Applications And Network Programming 27
3.1 Introduction 27
3.2 Two Basic Internet Communication Paradigms 28
3.3 Connection-Oriented Communication 29
3.4 The Client-Server Model Of Interaction 30
3.5 Characteristics Of Clients And Servers 31
3.6 Server Programs And Server-Class Computers 31
3.7 Requests, Responses, And Direction Of Data Flow 32
3.8 Multiple Clients And Multiple Servers 32
3.9 Server Identification And Demultiplexing 33
3.10 Concurrent Servers 34
3.11 Circular Dependencies Among Servers 35
3.12 Peer-To-Peer Interactions 35
3.13 Network Programming And The Socket API 36
3.14 Sockets, Descriptors, And Network IO 36
3.15 Parameters And The Socket API 37
3.16 Socket Calls In A Client And Server 38
3.17 Socket Functions Used By Both Client And Server 38
3.18 The Connect Function Used Only By A Client 40
3.19 Socket Functions Used Only By A Server 40
3.20 Socket Functions Used With The Message Paradigm 43
3.21 Other Socket Functions 44
3.22 Sockets, Threads, And Inheritance 45
3.23 Summary 45
Chapter 4 Traditional Internet Applications 49
4.1 Introduction 49
4.2 Application-Layer Protocols 49
4.3 Representation And Transfer 50
4.4 Web Protocols 51
4.5 Document Representation With HTML 52
4.6 Uniform Resource Locators And Hyperlinks 54
4.7 Web Document Transfer With HTTP 55
4.8 Caching In Browsers 57
4.9 Browser Architecture 59
4.10 File Transfer Protocol FTP 59
4.11 FTP Communication Paradigm 60
4.12 Electronic Mail 63
4.13 The Simple Mail Transfer Protocol SMTP 64
4.14 ISPs, Mail Servers, And Mail Access 66
4.15 Mail Access Protocols POP, IMAP 67
4.16 Email Representation Standards RFC2822, MIME 67
4.17 Domain Name System DNS 69
4.18 Domain Names That Begin With A Service Name 71
4.19 The DNS Hierarchy And Server Model 72
4.20 Name Resolution 72
4.21 Caching In DNS Servers 74
4.22 Types Of DNS Entries 75
4.23 Aliases And CNAME Resource Records 76
4.24 Abbreviations And The DNS 76
4.25 Internationalized Domain Names 77
4.26 Extensible Representations XML 78
4.27 Summary 79
PART II Data Communication Basics
Chapter 5 Overview Of Data Communications 85
5.1 Introduction 85
5.2 The Essence Of Data Communications 86
5.3 Motivation And Scope Of The Subject 87
5.4 The Conceptual Pieces Of A Communications System 87
5.5 The Subtopics Of Data Communications 90
5.6 Summary 91
Chapter 6 Information Sources And Signals 93
6.1 Introduction 93
6.2 Information Sources 93
6.3 Analog And Digital Signals 94
6.4 Periodic And Aperiodic Signals 94
6.5 Sine Waves And Signal Characteristics 95
6.6 Composite Signals 97
6.7 The Importance Of Composite Signals And Sine Functions 97
6.8 Time And Frequency Domain Representations 98
6.9 Bandwidth Of An Analog Signal 99
6.10 Digital Signals And Signal Levels 100
6.11 Baud And Bits Per Second 101
6.12 Converting A Digital Signal To Analog 102
6.13 The Bandwidth Of A Digital Signal 103
6.14 Synchronization And Agreement About Signals 103
6.15 Line Coding 104
6.16 Manchester Encoding Used In Computer Networks 106
6.17 Converting An Analog Signal To Digital 107
6.18 The Nyquist Theorem And Sampling Rate 108
6.19 Nyquist Theorem And Telephone System Transmission 108
6.20 Nonlinear Encoding 109
6.21 Encoding And Data Compression 109
6.22 Summary 110
Chapter 7 Transmission Media 113
7.1 Introduction 113
7.2 Guided And Unguided Transmission 113
7.3 A Taxonomy By Forms Of Energy 114
7.4 Background Radiation And Electrical Noise 115
7.5 Twisted Pair Copper Wiring 115
7.6 Shielding： Coaxial Cable And Shielded Twisted Pair 117
7.7 Categories Of Twisted Pair Cable 118
7.8 Media Using Light Energy And Optical Fibers 119
7.9 Types Of Fiber And Light Transmission 120
7.10 Optical Fiber Compared To Copper Wiring 121
7.11 Infrared Communication Technologies 122
7.12 Point-To-Point Laser Communication 122
7.13 Electromagnetic Radio Communication 123
7.14 Signal Propagation 124
7.15 Types Of Satellites 125
7.16 Geostationary Earth Orbit GEO Satellites 126
7.17 GEO Coverage Of The Earth 127
7.18 Low Earth Orbit LEO Satellites And Clusters 128
7.19 Tradeoffs Among Media Types 128
7.20 Measuring Transmission Media 129
7.21 The Effect Of Noise On Communication 129
7.22 The Significance Of Channel Capacity 130
7.23 Summary 131
Chapter 8 Reliability And Channel Coding 135
8.1 Introduction 135
8.2 The Three Main Sources Of Transmission Errors 135
8.3 Effect Of Transmission Errors On Data 136
8.4 Two Strategies For Handling Channel Errors 137
8.5 Block And Convolutional Error Codes 138
8.6 An Example Block Error Code： Single Parity Checking 139
8.7 The Mathematics Of Block Error Codes And n,k Notation 140
8.8 Hamming Distance： A Measure Of A Code?ˉs Strength 140
8.9 The Hamming Distance Among Strings In A Codebook 141
8.10 The Tradeoff Between Error Detection And Overhead 142
8.11 Error Correction With Row And Column RAC Parity 142
8.12 The 16-Bit Checksum Used In The Internet 144
8.13 Cyclic Redundancy Codes CRCs 145
8.14 An Efficient Hardware Implementation Of CRC 148
8.15 Automatic Repeat Request ARQ Mechanisms 148
8.16 Summary 149
Chapter 9 Transmission Modes 153
9.1 Introduction 153
9.2 A Taxonomy Of Transmission Modes 153
9.3 Parallel Transmission 154
9.4 Serial Transmission 155
9.5 Transmission Order： Bits And Bytes 156
9.6 Timing Of Serial Transmission 156
9.7 Asynchronous Transmission 157
9.8 RS-232 Asynchronous Character Transmission 157
9.9 Synchronous Transmission 158
9.10 Bytes, Blocks, And Frames 159
9.11 Isochronous Transmission 160
9.12 Simplex, Half-Duplex, And Full-Duplex Transmission 160
9.13 DCE And DTE Equipment 162
9.14 Summary 162
Chapter 10 Modulation And Modems 165
10.1 Introduction 165
10.2 Carriers, Frequency, And Propagation 165
10.3 Analog Modulation Schemes 166
10.4 Amplitude Modulation 166
10.5 Frequency Modulation 167
10.6 Phase Shift Modulation 168
10.7 Amplitude Modulation And Shannon?ˉs Theorem 168
10.8 Modulation, Digital Input, And Shift Keying 168
10.9 Phase Shift Keying 169
10.10 Phase Shift And A Constellation Diagram 171
10.11 Quadrature Amplitude Modulation 173
10.12 Modem Hardware For Modulation And Demodulation 174
10.13 Optical And Radio Frequency Modems 174
10.14 Dialup Modems 175
10.15 QAM Applied To Dialup 175
10.16 V.32 And V.32bis Dialup Modems 176
10.17 Summary 177
Chapter 11 Multiplexing And Demultiplexing Channelization 181
11.1 Introduction 181
11.2 The Concept Of Multiplexing 181
11.3 The Basic Types Of Multiplexing 182
11.4 Frequency Division Multiplexing FDM 183
11.5 Using A Range Of Frequencies Per Channel 185
11.6 Hierarchical FDM 186
11.7 Wavelength Division Multiplexing WDM 187
11.8 Time Division Multiplexing TDM 187
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