ContentsPrologueForeword by Miguel A. VellosoIntroductionConceptual Frameworks1.1 Background to Chinese Foreign Policy1.2 The Theory of International Relations in China1.3 The Value in Analysing the Chinese Strategic ConceptThe Historical Dimension of the Chinese Strategic Concept2.1 The Chinese World Vision2.2 The Strategic Culture2.3 Lessons From the Past in Analysing The Present2.4 China''s "New Security Concept"The Perceptual Dimension of the Chinese Strategic Concept3.1 Chinese Self-perception3.2 The Concept of "National Interest"3.3 The International System According to China3.4 Strategic ConcernsThe Doctrine behind China''s Strategic Concept4.1 Nationalism and Realism in the 1990s.4.2 The Guiding Principles of Strategic Thought4.3 Strategic Planning and Security Conduct4.4 Impact of the New Chinese Strategic Concept on the International SystemMid-term Vision of the People''s Republic of China external framework5.1 The "Cooperative" Alternative5.2 The "Rupturist" Alternative5.3 The "Chaos" AlternativeConclusionsBibliographyPrimary and Secondary Chinese-language SourcesNon-Chinese Primary and Secondary Sources
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PrologueChina in 2010In early 2010 Mainland China and Taiwan began another round of talks to move toward the signing of a "framework agreement for economic cooperation", a euphemism for a free trade agreement between the two political entities that make up the Chinese nation. This was an historic step, because it marked a milestone in the future of the two States separated by the victory of Mao Zedong and his Communist forces back in 1949.This rapprochement began when the Nationalist Party Kuomintang led by Ma Yingjiu returned to power in 2008, waving the flag of peace and stability in the Taiwan Strait. Ma''s plan for relations with Mainland China was based on three points: "no independence", "no reunification" and "no use of force". As the first point had been fully satisfied under the principles adopted by the Beijing authorities under the "Taiwan issue", the People''s Republic of China PRC changed its policy of "peaceful reunification" and embraced the idea of "peaceful development".Despite these steps forward, there was one factor, external to this bilateral relationship, which could adversely affect the outlined process: the relationship between China and the US. At the end of 2009 and beginning of 2010, both powers clashed over a range of issues such as emissions of carbon dioxide, anti-dumping tariffs, the undervaluation of the Yuan, internet censorship, the Dalai Lama''s visit, and arms sales to Taiwan.According to Chinese international relations advisors, the roots of the current strategic struggle between the US the leading player in the international system and China a player with growing power, are to be found in the fact that in the decade leading to 2010, we witnessed both a decline of US power at the same time as the growth of China''s power. This first view is backed up by the fact that the US: a is entrenched in wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, b has not been able to emerge unscathed from the economic crisis that has been affecting economies since 2008, and c that in the latter part of George W. Bush''s administration and the early period of the Obama administration, the government was weak and struggled to set a course for both domestic and foreign policy. In terms of explaining the rise in power of China, we can mention: a rapid exit from the crisis and recovery of GDP growth 8.7% in 2009; b they have achieved international recognition for, amongst other foratheir presence in the G2 and G20, to which we can add their growing participation in peace keeping forces; and c the consolidation of power of the Communist Party of China vis--vis the relatively successful handling of rebellions in Tibet and Xinjiang, the talks with Taiwan and the social protests which resulted from the global economic crisis.Faced with this increasingly powerful People''s Republic of China, which appears to be ready to take on a greater international profile, involving challenging the US on some issues, this book aims to provide some answers about the direction China''s foreign policy is taking.