Contents
Historical Development and Administrative Divisions001
●
Historical Development001
●
Organization System Evolution005
●
Administrative Divisions 009
Natural Conditions 010
● Geography010
●
Topography 010
● Rivers
Lakes 011
● Climate012
● Plants
and Animals 013
● Minerals 013
● Water 014
● Land 014
Environmental Protection Ecological Construction 015
● Summary 015
● Water
Resource Protection 016
● Water
Environment 017
● Air
Quality 018
● Forestry
Ecological Environment 019
● Energy
Conservation, Emission Reduction and Circular Economy 021
Population 024
● Total
Amount 024
●
Demographic Structure 024
●
Educational Level 024
Ethnic Groups and Religions 025
● Ethnic
Groups 025
● Religions 025
Economic Development 027
● Summary 027
● Strategy
for Economic Development 029
● Overview
of Economic Development 033
● Fiscal
Revenue and Expenditure 036
● Finance 036
● Overview
of Agriculture 037
● Overview
of Industry 039
● Overview
of Service Industry 044
● Overview
of Infrastructure Construction 046
● Foreign
Trade 049
Culture 051
● Origin of
Culture 051
● Cultural
Celebrities 052
● Art 055
●
Construction of Public Cultural Service System 057
Social Development 059
● Science
and Technology 059
● Education 059
● Medical
Treatment, Public Health and Sports 062
●
Employment 064
● Income
Distribution 064
● Social
Security066
Historical Sites and Tourism Resources 068
●
Historical and Cultural Cities 068
● World
Culture Heritages 071
● Sites of
Ancient Culture 073
● Famous
Tourist Attractions 078
Statistic Data 082
Economic
Development
Summary
Located at the core of central China,
surrounding the middle stretch of the
Yangtze
River and north of Dongting Lake, Hubei Province has a terrain that is
higher
in the east and lower in the west, a large variety of landforms, numerous
mountain
areas, unbroken hilly down lands, vast expanses of fertile land in the
Jianghan
Plain and scattered rivers and lakes, which contribute to its rich mineral,
agricultural
and water resources. Situated in the subtropical monsoon zone, it enjoys a
sound
climate that benefits all kinds of crops and the comprehensive development of
agriculture.
As one of Chinas major production areas of grain, cotton and oil, Hubei
Province
has been crowned A Province of Thousands of Lakes and A Land Flowing
with
Milk and Honey since ancient times. The Yangtze River, the Golden Waterway,
acts
as the main artery of transportation, connecting the southwest, the central and
east
China, and endowing its capital Wuhan with the name, The Thoroughfare of
Nine
Provinces. The favorable geological conditions provide a favorable environment
for
the development of the provinces industry, agriculture and the national
economy
at
large.
People have settled themselves on this land
for thousands of years. Large-scale
mining
and smelting industries emerged as early as 3000 years ago. Hubei Province
has
evolved from a feudal economy to a semi-colony and semi-feudal economy, from
conventional
hand labor to machinery production, and from a natural economy to a
commodity
economy.
Government running industry started from the
end of the late Qing Dynasty,
including
Hanyang Iron Works the first steel enterprise in modern China, Hubei
Firearms
Factory the first and largest specialized arsenal in modern China and
Hubei
Weaving Factory the largest one, with each continuing to represent the
industry
and transportation system in modern times. After the Revolution of 1911,
Hubeis
national industry and commerce enjoyed rapid development, with some
government
running industries shifting to civilian-run, including a series of
industriesrepresented by Hanyeping the largest joint steel works at the
beginning of the 20th
century,
Yangtze Machine Factory and other nationally noted enterprises.
The Province
has enjoyed rapid progress in economic development since
the
foundation of the P.R.C. During the first Five-year Plan period, 3 of the 156
industrial
projects receiving the assistance from the Soviet Union Wuhan Iron
and
Steel Company, Wuhan Power Tool Plant and the first-phase program of
Qingshan
Thermal Power Plant were appointed in Wuhan by the government. Soon
afterwards,
Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge, Wuhan Meat Processing Factory, Wuchang
Shipyard,
Wuhan Boiler Factory and Smelting Plant of Daye Non-ferrous Metals
Company
and other major projects were appointed, which played a key role in the
economic
construction and development of the province.
Great
achievements have been made in the economic and social development of
Hubei
Province since the Reform and Opening Up: a surge in economic strength,
advancement
in productivity, rise in economic aggregate, upgrade in economic fabric,
increased
opening up, progress in social undertakings and great improvement in
peoples
livelihood. Hubei Province boasts a ring economic status in the country and
has
greatly enhanced comprehensive strength in regional development.
A steady
momentum has been sustained in the economic development of the
province,
with a speed higher than the countrys and central Chinas average. In 2014,
Hubei
Province accomplished a gross value of production of 2736.704 billion RMB,
a
growth of 9.7% from 2013, No. 7 in the country and No. 1 in central China. The
major
economic indicators are superior to the countrys average, setting precedence
for
other Chinese provinces. Hubei Province enjoys a solid foundation in
agriculture,
specifically
with regards to commodity price and employment. The grain output
has
achieved growth for 11 years in a row, increasing by 830 million kilograms. The
output
of agricultural processing has a value of 1.2 trillion RMB, ranking No.5 in the
country.
The CPI was 2.0%. Another 819 thousand people got jobs, marking a new
provincial
record.
Hubei
Province is now in the middle and later stage of industrialization, with
great
potential for sustained development. The Province is making endeavors to
sustain
a steady and rapid economic growth, accelerate the upgrade of industrial
mix,
speed up agriculture modernization, pursue the strategic regime featuring one
goal
and multi-leveled strategies , further the reform and opening up, reinforce the construction of
ecological civilization, safeguard and improve peoples livelihood,
accelerate the construction
of Five-feature Hubei prosperous,
innovative, civilized
and wealth Hubei under the
rule of law, so as to accomplish the ambitious goal of
building up Hubei Province as
a leader in sustainable development.
经济发展
综 述
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