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內容簡介: |
the?book?is?a?review?of?the?information?presently?available?on?zoological?research?in?the?former?soviet?central?asia.?much?of?our?data?was?collected?and?translated?from?scientific?studies?that?were?previously?only?reported?in?russian.?we?tried?to?include?all?aspects?of?the?current?zoology?in?central?asia:?paleozoology,?zoogeogra-phy,?animal?adaptations?to?different?environments,?biological?distinctiveness?of?animal?distributions?in?the?plainsand?mountains,?impacts?from?human?activities,?and?the?present?status?of?various?animal?species,?as?well?asconservation?efforts?of?governmental?and?non-governmental?organizations.?in?addition,?we?have?included?shortdescriptions,?with?maps?of?distribution,?for?some?of?the?most?important?representatives?of?wildlife?in?this?region:from?numerous?to?rare?and?extinct?species,?animals?for?which?there?is?a?lack?of?information,?and?the?biological?sourcesof?many?diseases.?in?the?appendixes,?we?have?included?a?full?list?of?vertebrate?species?for?each?central?asia?republic,along?with?a?combined?list?of?wildlife?of?the?entire?central?asian?ecosystem.?we?believe?that?this?book?will?be?interest-ing?to?teachers?and?university?students,?scientists,?and?all?people?everywhere?who?love?nature.
《中亚野生动物生态现状与保护管理英文版精》是一本野生动物研究类书籍。
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目錄:
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Preface?One
Preface?Two
Series?Foreword
Foreword
1?NATURE-GEOGRAPHICAL?CHARACTERISTICS?OF?CENTRAL?ASIA
1.1?Central?Asia?andor?Middle?Asia
1.2?General?characteristics?of?Central?Asia
1.2.1?Semi-desert?zone
1.2.2?Desert?Zone?of?Central?Asia
1.2.3?The?Mountain?Zone?of?Central?Asia
2?THE?PALEOGEOGRAPHICAL?HISTORY?OF?THE?CENTRAL?ASIAN?FAUNA
2.1?Amphibian?and?reptile?fauna?in?the?Paleozoic,?Mesozoic,?and?Cenozoiceras
2.2?Ornithological?fauna?during?Tertiary?and?Quaternary?periods
2.3?Mammal?fauna?during?the?pre-glaciations?period
2.4?Mammal?fauna?during?the?Great?Glaciations?period
2.5?The?development?of?mammal?fauna?during?the?post-Pleistocene?Epoch
3?ZOOGEOGRAPHIC?REGIONS?OF?CENTRAL?ASIA?AND?THEIR?CHARACTERISTICS
3.1?General?characteristics?of?fauna?development
3.2?Zoogeographic?regions?of?plains
3.2.1?The?herpetological?fauna
3.2.2?The?mammalian?and?ornithological?fauna
3.3?Most?typical?plain?animals
3.4?Zoogeographic?regions?of?mountains
3.4.1?Sub-oblast?of?the?northern?forests?Altay
3.4.2?Zoogeographical?regions?of?Tianshan,?Pamir?and?Kopet-Dag
3.5?Most?typical?mountain?animals
3.6?Wildlife?of?river?valleys
3.7?Fauna?of?rivers?and?lakes
4?PECULIARITIES?OF?ANIMAL?DISTRIBUTION
4.1?The?Central?Asia?Plains
4.2?The?Central?Asia?mountains
4.3?Vertical?mountain?zones
4.3.1?General?characteristics
4.3.2?The?mountain?desert?belt
4.3.3?The?semi-desert?vertical?belt
4.3.4?The?mountain?dry?steppes
4.3.5?The?forest-meadow-steppe?belt
4.3.6?Sub-Alpine?belt
4.3.7?The?Alpine?belt
5?HUMAN?ACTIVITY?AND?ITS?IMPACT?ON?FAUNA
5.1?Impact?on?amphibians?and?reptiles
5.2?Impact?on?birds
5.3?Impact?on?mammals
5.4?Current?status?of?animal?conservation
5.5?National?Red?Data?Books
6?BIODIVERSITY?CONSERVATION?IN?CENTRAL?ASIA
6.1?Conservation?legislation
6.2?State?Nature?Reserves?Zapovedniky?IUCN?Category?Ia
6.3?State?National?Parks?Natsionalniye?Prirodniye?Parky?IUCN?Category
6.4?Wildlife?Sanctuaries?Zakazniky?IUCN?Category?1V
6.5?Natural?Monuments?Prirodniye?Pamyatniky
6.6?International?Protected?Area?Designations
6.7?UNESCO?World?Heritage?Designation
6.8?Provincial?Level?Protected?Are,as
7?MOST?IMPORTANT?REPRESENTATIVES?OF?FAUNA
7.1?Rare?and?endangered?species
7.?1.?1?Semirechensk?Central?Asian?salamander?Ranodon?sibiricus?Kessler,?1866
7.1.2?Pewzov''s?toad?Bufo?pezvzozvi?Bedriaga?1898
7.1.3?Transcaspian?Desert?Monitor?Varanus?griseus?Daudin,1803
7.1.4?Black?Francolin?Francolinus?francolinus?Linnaeus,1766
7.1.5?Himalayan?Snowcock?Tetraogallus?himalayensis?Gray,1842
7.1.6?White?Pelican?Pelecanus?onocrotalus?Linnaeus,1758
7.1.7?Greater?Flamingo?Phoenicopterus?roseus?Pallas,?1811
7.1.8?IbisbillIbidorhyncha?struthersii?Vigors,?1832
7.1.9?Striped?Hyena?Hyena?hyena?Linnaeus,?1758
7.1.10?Leopard?Panthera?pardus?Linnaeaus,?1758,?Persian?Leopard?P.?pardus?tullianus?Valenciennes,?1856
7.1.11?Snow?leopard?Uncia?uncia?Schreber,?1775
7.1.12?Bactrian?Bukhara?Deer?Cervus?elaphus?bactrianus?Lydekker,1900
7.1.13?Saiga?Saiga?tatarica?Linnaeus,?1766
7.1.14?Goitered?gazelle?Gazella?subgutturosa?Guld.?,1780
7.1.15?Bezoar?wild?goat?Capra?aegagrus?Erxleben,1777
7.1.16?Markhor?Capra?falconeri?Wagner,?1839
7.1.17?Urial?Ovis?vignei?Blyth,?1840.?~
7.1.18?Argali?Ovis?ammon?Linnaeus,?1758
7.1.19?Kulan?Equus?hemionus?Pallas,?1775.?Persian?onager?Equus?hemionus?onager?Boddaert,?1785
7.2?Extinct?species
7.2.1?Tiger?Panthera?tigris?Linnaeus,?1758?Turan?Caspiantiger?Panthera?tigris?virgata?Illiger,1815
7.2.2?Cheetah?Acinonyxjubatus?Shreber,?1775.?Asiatic?cheetahAcinonyxjubatus?ruddei?Hilzh,?1913
7.2.3?Przewalski''s?horse?Equus?przewalshii?Poljakov,1881
7.2.4?Wild?ox?or?urus?Bos?primigenius?Bojanus,?1827
7.3?Animal?resources?and?numerous?species
7.3.1?Muskrat?Ondatra?zibethicus?Linnaeus,?1776
7.3.2?Caspian?seal?Phoca?caspica?Gmelin,?1788
7.3.3?Grey?wolf?Canis?lupus?Linnaeus,?1758
7.3.4?Wild?boar?Sus?scrofa?Linnaeus,?1758.?Middle?Asia?wild?boarS.?scrofa?nigripes?Blanford,1875
7.3.5?European?Red?Deer?Cervus?elaphus?Linnaeus,?1758.?MaralCervus?elaphus?sibiricus?Sewertzow,?1873
7.3.6?Siberian?ibex?Capra?sibirica?Pallas,?1776
7.4?Introduced?species
7.4.1?Russian?desman?Desmana?moschata?Linnaeus,?1758,Order?Eulipotyphla
7.4.2?Eurasian?red?squirrel?Sciurus?vulgaris?Linnaeus,?1758,Order?Rodencia
7.4.3?Bobak?marmot?Marmota?bobak?Muller,?1776
7.4.4?Large-toothed?ground?squirrel?Citellus?fulvus
7.4.5?Muskrat?Ondatra?zibethicus
7.4.6?Norway?rat?Rattus?norvegius?Berkenhout,?1769
7.4.7?Raccoon?dog?Nyctereutes?procyonoides
7.4.8?Nutria?Myocastor?coypus
7.4.9?Striped?skunk?Mephitis?mephitis?Schreber,?1776
7.4.10?American?mink?Mustela?vison?Schrebel,?1777
7.5?Species?with?lack?information
7.5.1?Selevinia?or?desert?dormouse?Selevinia?betpakdalaensisBelosludov?et?Bashanov,?1938
7.5.2?Honey?badger?or?ratel?Mellivora?capensis?Schreber,?1776Turkmenian?honey?badger?Mellivora?capensis?buechneri?Baryshnikov,?2000
7.5.3?Marbled?Polecat?Vormela?pereusna?Guldenstaedt,1770
7.5.4?Jungle?cat?or?Chaus?Felis?chaus?Guldenstaedt,1776
7.5.5?Sand?Cat?Felis?margarita?Loche,?1858
7.6?Wild?animals?as?a?source?of?diseases?and?epizooty
7.6.1?Great?gerbil?Rhombomys?opimus?Lichtenstein,1823
References
8?APPENDIX
8.1?List?of?vertebrate?animals?of?different?countries?of?Central?Asia
8.1.1?Kazakhstan?fauna
8.1.2?Kyrgyzstan?fauna
8.1.3?Tajikistan?fauna
8.1.4?Turkmenistan?fauna
8.1.5?Uzbekistan?fauna
8.1.6?Xinjiang?fauna
8.2?The?United?List?of?Vertebrate?Animals?of?Central?Asia
References?for?Appendix
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