Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Dialect Contact Studies: An Emergent Field of Enquiry
1.2 Globalization and the Changing Tianfin Dialect
1.3 Layout of the Book
Chapter 2 Language Variation and Change: From Traditional Dialectology to Social Dialectology
2.1 The Western Tradition in the Study of Language Variation and Change
2.1.1 Historical Linguistic Studies: Achievements and Limitations
2.1.2 Sociolinguistie Perspectives
2.1.2.1 Variationist Approach
2.1.2.2 Social Network Theory
2.1.3 Dialect Contact
2.1.3.1 Language Contact versus Dialect Contact
2.1.3.2 Traditional Dialeetology versus Social Dialeetology
2.1.3.3 Theory and Principles for Dialect Contact
2.1.3.4 ProcessesMechanisms of Dialect Contact
2.2 The Study of Language Variation and Change in the Chinese Context
2.2.1 Philological Studies
2.2.2 Sociolinguistic Studies
2.2.3 Studies on Tianjin Dialect
2.2.3.1 Salient Features of Tianfin Dialect
2.2.3.2 Sociolinguistic Studies on Tiajin Dialect
2.2.4 Dialect Contact Research
2.2.4.1 Deficiencies of Traditional Chinese Dialectology
2.2.4.2 Dialect Contact--An Emergent Field of Inquiry in China
2.2.4.3 Limitations of Previous Sociolinguistic Researches on Tianjin Dialect
Chapter 3 The Proposed Framework
3.1 Pilot Study
3.2 The Framework
3.2.1 Language Ideology
3.2.2 Linguistic Market
3.3 Dialect Leveling
3.3.1 Standard Linguistic Market
3.3.2 Loose-knit Social Network
3.3.3 Process of Long-term Accommodation
3.4 Dialect Maintenance
3.4.1 Globalization and Local Culture
3.4.2 Close-knit Social Network
3.4.3 Vernacular Linguistic Market
3.5 Summary
Chapter 4 Variables and Data Collection
4.1 Social Variables
4.1.1 Demographic Variables
4.1.1.1 Sex
4.1.1.2 Age
4.1.1.3 Occupation
4.1.1.4 Level of Education
4.1.1.5 Workplace
4.1.1.6 Length of Service
4.1.2 Sociopsychologieal Variables
4.1.2.1 Attitude towards Tianfin Dialect
4.1.2.2 Frequency of Contact with Putonghua
4.1.2.3 Frequency of Using Putonghua at Work
4.2 Linguistic Variables
4.2.1 Lexical Items
4.2.2 Consonants
4.2.3 Application of FF Rule
4.3 Data Collection
4.3.1 Observer''s Paradox
4.3.2 Selecting Informants
4.3.3 Collecting Data for Consonants and FF Rule
4.3.4 Collecting Data for Lexieal Items
Chapter 5 Data Analysis, Findings and Discussion
5.1 Construction of the Lexieal Items
5.2 Relations between AGESEXOCCEDU and Linguistic Variables
5.2.1 AGE with Linguistic Variables
5.2.2 EDU with Linguistic Variables
5.2.3 SEX with Linguistic Variables
5.2.4 OCC with Linguistic Variables
5.2.5 MODEL-1 with Four Demographic Variables
5.3 Relations between WPLoS and Linguistic Variables
5.3.1 WP with Residuals of Linguistic Variables
5.3.2 LoS with Residuals of Linguistic Variables
5.3.3 MODEL-2 with Six Demographic Variables
5.4 Relations between ATTSOCNET1SOCNET2FREQ and Linguistic Variables
5.4.1 Relations between ATT and Linguistic Variables
5.4.2 Relations between SOCNET1SOCNET2 and Linguistic Variables
5.4.3 Construction of SOCNET
5.4.4 Relations between FREQ and Linguistic Variables
5.4.5 MODEL-3 with Sociopsychological Variables
5.5 Effect of WP on ATT, SOCNET1 and FREQ
5.6 MODEL-4 with All Significant Variables
5.7 Linguistic Variations in Different Styles
5.8 The Group of Informants with the Most Features of Tianjin Dialect
5.9 Change in Progress?
5.9.1 Lexical Change in Progress
5.9.2 Peculiar Consonant Change in Progress
5.9.3 FF Rule Change in Progress
5.10 Summary
Chapter 6 Conclusion
6.1 The Changing Tianfin Dialect in the Context of Globalization
6.2 New Issues and New Directions for Research on Dialects in Contact
Appendix 1: Questionnaire
Appendix 2: Lexical Items 161 Words
Appendix 3: The Salient Lexical Items 100 Words
Appendix 4: Passage Reading
Appendix 5: Models with and without the Retired Informants
References
Acknowledgements
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