目 录
Chapter One Researching Information in the Scientific Literature 1
I. Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Literature 2
II. Which Types of Sources Are Appropriate forYour Research Paper? 5
III. Researching Topics in the Scientific Literature 6
IV. Some Basic Steps to Searching the Scientific Literature 6
Chapter Two Reading Scientific Literature 12
I. Scientific Literature and Research Work 13
II. Getting Familiar With Scientific Literature 14
III. Reading Critically and Actively 18
Chapter Three Reading a Scientific Paper 20
I. Structure of Scientific Papers 21
II. Five Steps for Reading a Scientific Paper 22
Chapter Four Specific Skills for Reading Scientific Literature 29
I. Literature Review 30
II. Writing a Summary 32
Chapter Five Translation Theories 38
I. Basic Knowledge about Translation 39
II. EST Translation 44
III. Basic Theories of Translation 49
IV. A Paradox in EST Translation 54
Chapter Six Translation of Words 58
I. A Comparison of Words in English and Chinese 59
II. Understanding Words 63
III. Techniques of Words Translation 71
Chapter Seven Translation of Phrases 76
I . Semantic Relations of Different Phrases and Their Translation 77
II. Translation of Some Special Phrases 81
Chapter Eight Translation of Sentences 87
I. A comparison of sentence structure in English and Chinese 88
II. Sentence Analysis 92
III. Techniques of Sentence Translation 97
Appendix I Reading Exercises 103
I. Sentence Summary 104
II. Reading and Writing 105
III. Summary 114
Appendix II Translation Exercises 138
Exercise 1 Translation of “As” 139
Exercise 2 Translation of Long Sentences 140
Exercise 3 I. 根据词类选择词义 142
II. 根据上下文选择词义 142
III. 词义的引申 143
Exercise 4 I. 时间 145
II. 空间 148
III. 原因、结果 148
IV. 条件 150
Exercise 5 I. 非限定动词 152
II. 后置修饰语频繁 152
Exercise 6 Translation of Long Sentences 152
Exercise 7 Translation of Paragraphs and Passages 153
Answers to Reading Exercises 156
I. Suggested Answers 157
II. Reading and Writing 157
III. Summary 158
Answers to Translation Exercises 162
Exercise 1 Translation of “As” 163
Exercise 2 Translation of Long Sentences 164
Exercise 3 I. 根据词类选择词义 165
II. 根据上下文选择词义 166
III. 词义的引申 166
Exercise 4 I. 时间 168
II. 空间 170
III. 原因、结果 171
IV. 条件 172
Exercise 5 I. 非限定动词 173
II. 后置修饰语频繁 174
Exercise 6 Translation of Long Sentences 174
Exercise 7 Translation of Paragraphs and Passages 174
References 177
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