STEP 1 Set Up Your Study Program
1 What You Need to Know About the AP Chemistry Exam
Background of the Advanced Placement Program
Who Writes the AP Chemistry Exam?
The AP Grades and Who Receives Them
Reasons for Taking the AP Chemistry Exam
Questions Frequently Asked About the AP Chemistry Exam
2 How to Plan Your Time
Three Approaches to Preparing for the AP Chemistry Exam
Calendar for Each Plan
STEP 2 Determine Your Test Readiness
3 Take a Diagnostic Exam
Getting Started: The Diagnostic Exam
Answers and Explanations
Scoring and Interpretation
STEP 3 Develop Strategies for Success
4 How to Approach Each Question Type
Multiple-Choice Questions
Free-Response Questions
STEP 4 Review the Knowledge You Need to Score High
5 Basics
Units and Measurements
Dimensional Analysis-The Factor Label Method
The States of Matter
The Structure of the Atom
Periodic Table
Oxidation Numbers
Nomenclature Overview
Experimental
Common Mistakes to Avoid
Review Questions
Answers and Explanations
Free-response Questions
Answers and Explanations
Rapid Review
6 Reactions and Periodicity
AP Exam Format
General Aspects of Chemical Reactions and Equations
General Properties of Aqueous Solutions
Precipitation Reactions
Oxidation-Reduction Reactions
Coordination Compounds
Acid-Base Reactions
Experimental
Common Mistakes to Avoid
Review Questions
Answers and Explanations
Free-response Questions
Answers and Explanations
Rapid Review
7 Stoichiometry
Moles and Molar Mass
Percent Composition and Empirical Formulas
Reaction Stoichiometry
Limiting Reactants
Percent Yield
Molarity and Solution Calculations
Experimental
Common Mistakes to Avoid
Review Questions
Answers and Explanations
Free-Response Questions
Answers and Explanations
Rapid Review
8 Gases
Kinetic Molecular Theory
Gas Law Relationships
Experimental
Common Mistakes to Avoid
Review Questions
Answers and Explanations
Free-Response Questions
Answers and Explanations
Rapid Review
9 Thermodynamics
Calorimetry
Laws of Thermodynamics
Products Minus Reactants
Thermodynamics and Equilibrium
Experimental
Common Mistakes to Avoid
Review Questions
Answers and Explanations
Free-Response Questions
Answers and Explanations
Rapid Review
10 Spectroscopy Light and Electrons
The Nature of Light
Wave Properties of Matter
Atomic Spectra
Atomic Orbitals
Experimental
Common Mistakes to Avoid
Review Questions
Answers and Explanations
Free-Response Questions
Answers and Explanations
Rapid Review
11 Bonding
Lewis Electron-Dot Structures
Ionic and Covalent Bonding
Molecular Geometry-VSEPR
Valence Bond Theory
Molecular Orbital Theory
Resonance
Bond Length Strength and Magnetic Properties
Experimental
Common Mistakes to Avoid
Review Questions
Answers and Explanations
Free-Response Questions
Answers and Explanations
Rapid Review
12 Solids Liquids and Intermolecular Forces
Structures and Intermolecular Forces
The Liquid State
The Solid State
Phase Diagrams
Relationship of Intermolecular Forces to Phase Changes
Experimental
Common Mistakes to Avoid
Review Questions
Answers and Explanations
Free-Response Questions
Answers and Explanations
Rapid Review
13 Solutions and Colligative Properties
Concentration Units
Electrolytes and Nonelectrolytes
Colligative Properties
Colloids
Experimental
Common Mistakes to Avoid
Review Questions
Answers and Explanations
Free-Response Questions
Answers and Explanations
Rapid Review
14 Kinetics
Rates of Reaction
Integrated Rate Laws
Activation Energy
Reaction Mechanisms
Catalysts
Experimental
Common Mistakes to Avoid
Review Questions
Answers and Explanations
Free-Response Questions
Answers and Explanations
Rapid Review
15 Equilibrium
Equilibrium Expressions
Le Chatelier''s Principle
Acid-Base Equilibrium
Buffers
Titration Equilibria
Solubility Equilibria
Other Equilibria
Experimental
Common Mistakes to Avoid
Review Questions
Answers and Explanations
Free-Response Questions
Answers and Explanations
Rapid Review
16 Electrochemistry
Redox Reactions
Electrochemical Cells
Quantitative Aspects of Electrochemistry
Nernst Equation
Experimental
Common Mistakes to Avoid
Review Questions
Answers and Explanations
Free-Response Questions
Answers And Explanations
Rapid Review
Experiment 11: pH Measurements and Indicators for Acid-Base
Titrations
17 Nuclear Chemistry
Nuclear Reactions
Nuclear Stability
Nuclear Decay Calculations
Mass-Energy Relationships
Common Mistakes to Avoid
Review Questions
Answers and Explanations
Rapid Review
18 Organic Chemistry
Alkanes
Structural Isomerism
Common Functional Groups
Macromolecules
Experimental
Common Mistakes to Avoid
Review Questions
Answers and Explanations
Free-Response Questions
Answers and Explanations
Rapid Review
19 Experimental
Experiment 1: Finding the Formula of a Compound
Experiment 2: The Percentage of Water in a Hydrate
Experiment 3: Molar Mass by Vapor Density
Experiment 4: Molar Mass by Freezing-Point Depression
Experiment 5: Molar Volume of a Gas
Experiment 6: Standardization of a Solution
Experiment 7: Acid-Base Titration
Experiment 8: Oxidation-Reduction Titration
Experiment 9: MassMole Relationships in a Chemical Reaction
Experiment 10: Finding the Equilibrium Constant
Experiment 12: The Rate and Order of a Reaction
Experiment 13: Enthalpy Changes
Experiment 14: Qualitative Analysis of Cations and Anions
Experiment 15: Synthesis and Analysis of a Coordination
Compound
Experiment 16: Gravimetric Analysis
Experiment 17: Colorimetric Analysis
Experiment 18: Chromatographic Separation
Experiment 19: Properties of Buffer Solutions
Experiment 20: An Electrochemical Series
Experiment 21: Electrochemical Cells and Electroplating
Experiment 22: Synthesis and Properties of an Organic
Compound
Common Mistakes to Avoid
Review Questions
Answers and Explanations
Free-Response Questions
Answers and Explanations
Rapid Review
STEP 5 Build Your Test-Taking Confidence
AP Chemistry Practice Exam 1
AP Chemistry Practice Exam 2
Appendixes
SI Units
Balancing Redox Equations Using the Ion-Electron Method
Common Ions
Bibliography
Web Sites
Glossary
Exam Resources
內容試閱:
AP项目(Advanced Placement Program)始于1955年,由美国大学理事会(the College
Board)主持,是在高中阶段开设的具有大学水平的课程,即大学预修课程。AP项目目前设有34门课程和考试,它可以使有余力、有能力、成绩优秀的高中生有机会先修部分美国大学基础课程以获得大学学分,因此吸引了很多成绩优秀的学生选修。目前,已有60多个国家的几千所大学把AP学分作为其入学参考标准,其中包括哈佛大学、耶鲁大学、牛津大学、剑桥大学等世界知名大学。
美国每年约有200万高中毕业生,他们都要参加美国高考SAT和AP课程的考试。美国高中生会在11年级时完成SAT考试,在12年级(高中最后一年)完成两件大事:第一,根据SAT的考试成绩申请大学和奖学金;第二,选修AP课程,并进行备考。在高中选修AP课程和通过AP考试不仅是对学生能力和学业水平的证明,还可以使学生:1.
在申请大学时具有很大的优势。美国大学把学生在AP考试中的表现作为衡量其是否能够胜任大学学习的依据。从美国大学录取顾问委员会公布的影响大学录取因素的比较分析可以看出,AP成绩以80.3%的影响力位居第一,因为它向学校充分展示了学生的才智、专长及学习能力。2.
进入大学后,可以获得大学学分,免修同类课程,提早选修更高级的课程或跳级。3. 提前毕业。4.
节省大学学费。在美国,初等教育是免费的,但高等教育是收费的。选修的AP课程越多,免修的大学课程也就越多,节省的学费也就越多。另外,对中国学生而言,除了可以获得美国大学学分、省时省钱外,还可以在国内提前适应美国大学课程。
AP考试成绩的评定为5分制,满分5分表示极为优秀,4分为优秀,3分相当于合格,即可为大多数学校所接受,2分为可能有资格,1分则不予推荐。
AP考试在每年5月份举行一次,为期两周。每门课程的考试时间约为2~3个小时,考试费用为每科1000元人民币或1400元港币左右。
更多信息可查询以下网站:
为满足国内考生对AP考试资料日益增长的需求,我们从美国知名教育出版公司McGraw-Hill
Education引进了本系列AP考试丛书,共包括7本,分别为《AP微观
宏观经济学5分制胜》、《AP统计学5分制胜》、《AP微积分5分制胜》、《AP美国历史5分制胜》、《AP物理5分制胜》、《AP生物5分制胜》和《AP化学5分制胜》。AP各学科分册由相关领域专家编写,精准把握考试命题特点,设计“五步”高效学习方案,总结与考试相关的学科内容和要点,精选针对性练习以及全真模拟试题,并配以答案和准确详尽的解析。本系列丛书适用于备考AP的所有考生,便于考生巩固所学,紧抓重点,取得高分。
本书为其中的《AP化学5分制胜》。AP化学考试并不简单,但是回报丰厚——换取大学学分以及在化学学习上更进一步。大家需要努力地学习才能取得优异成绩,而本书会帮助你掌握和巩固必备知识,为考试作好准备。本书的两位作者都具有多年大学普通化学的教学经验。John
Moore是Chemistry for Dummies一书的作者,他还和Richard Langley共同撰写了Chemistry
for the Utterly
Confused——一本适用于大学生和高中生的化学指南。两位作者都有丰富的经验和精湛的技能来充分阐述AP化学考试所需的知识和策略。Richard
Langley曾任高中理科教师,John
Moore也有多年为公立学校的老师和学生教授化学课程的经验。并且,他们都有多年参与AP化学考试阅卷的经验,有关于考试评分方法的第一手资料。两位作者努力使本书的内容易于理解,并严格按照AP化学考试的题型设计测试题。只要考生认真钻研本书中的讲解和题目,就可以对AP所考查的化学知识有更深入的了解,同时增加对考试题型的熟悉程度,从而做到高效备考。
现在来简单介绍一下本书的内容框架。Introduction部分介绍了“五步”计划。第1章对AP化学的考试特点进行了概述。第2章为考生提供了三种备考方案及其时间安排。如果考生选择为期一学年的方案,可以将这本书与自己参加的AP化学课程同步使用。如果考生选择其他两种方案中的一种,也可以与自己参加的AP化学课程同步使用,但是需要更侧重这本辅导书的使用。不管怎样,只要大家付出了时间和努力,就会有收获。第3章是一份预测题,帮助考生评估自己复习前的水平,发现在之后的复习中需要额外注意的薄弱之处。第4章为每个考试题型提出了一些有效的应试策略,让复习更有技巧性。从第5章到第19章是对化学知识的逐一讲解,涵盖了AP考试中的几乎所有考查内容。本书最后还提供了两套完整的全真模拟试题,可以帮助考生检测复习效果,并体验真实的考试场景。
本书还有一些有利于考生学习的细节设置。例如,每章末尾配有复习题,帮助考生检查自己对相关内容的理解程度。这里提醒一下考生,请特别注意free-response
questions部分的题目,这是能够让自己有突出表现的部分,且分值与多项选择题几乎相同。此外,还可利用快速回顾(Rapid
Review)来复习每章的重点知识。
请随身携带这本书,在接下来的数周或数月内它将成为各位考生的忠实朋友,帮助你们实现“满分5分”的目标!