STEP 1 Set Up Your Study Program
1 What You Need to Know About the AP Economics Exams
2 How to Plan Your Time
STEP 2 Determine Your Test Readiness
3 Take Diagnostic Exams
Diagnostic Exam: AP Microeconomics
Diagnostic Exam: AP Macroeconomics
STEP 3 Develop Strategies for Success
4 How to Approach Each Question Type
Section Ⅰ: Multiple-Choice Questions
Section Ⅱ: Free-Response Questions
STEP 4 Review the Knowledge You Need to Score High
5 Fundamentals of Economic Analysis
Scarce Resources
Production Possibilities
Functions of Economic Systems
6 Demand Supply Market Equilibrium and Welfare Analysis
Demand
Supply
Market Equilibrium
Welfare Analysis
7 Elasticity Microeconomic Policy and Consumer Theory
Elasticity
Microeconomic Policy and Applications of Elasticity
Consumer Choice
8 The Firm Profit and the Costs of Production
Firms Opportunity Costs and Profits
Production and Cost
9 Market Structures Perfect Competition Monopoly and Things
Between
Perfect Competition
Monopoly
Monopolistic Competition
Oligopoly
10 Factor Markets
Factor Demand
Least-Cost Hiring of Multiple Inputs
Factor Supply and Market Equilibrium
Imperfect Competition in Product and Factor Markets
11 Public Goods Externalities and the Role of Government
Public Goods and Spillover Benefits
Pollution and Spillover Costs
Income Distribution and Tax Structures
12 Macroeconomic Measures of Performance
The Circular Flow Model
Accounting for Output and Income
Inflation and the Consumer Price Index
Unemployment
13 Consumption Saving Investment and the Multiplier
Consumption and Saving
Investment
The Multiplier Effect
14 Aggregate Demand and Aggregate Supply
Aggregate Demand AD
Aggregate Supply AS
Macroeconomic Equilibrium
The Trade-Off Between Inflation and Unemployment
15 Fiscal Policy Economic Growth and Productivity
Expansionary and Contractionary Fiscal Policy
Difficulties of Fiscal Policy
Economic Growth and Productivity
16 Money Banking and Monetary Policy
Money and Financial Assets
Fractional Reserve Banking and Money Creation
Monetary Policy
17 International Trade
Comparative Advantage and Gains from Trade
Balance of Payments
Foreign Exchange Rates
Trade Barriers
STEP 5 Build Your Test-Taking Confidence
AP Microeconomics Practice Exam 1
AP Macroeconomics Practice Exam 1
AP Microeconomics Practice Exam 2
AP Macroeconomics Practice Exam 2
Appendixes
Bibliography
Web Sites
Glossary
Important Formulas and Conditions